Error c2143 syntax error missing before type

Ошибка компилятора C2143

синтаксическая ошибка: отсутствует «token1» перед «token2»

Компилятор ожидал определенный маркер (т. е. элемент языка, отличный от пробела) и нашел вместо него другой маркер.

Проверьте справочник по языку C++ , чтобы определить, где код синтаксически неверен. Так как компилятор может сообщить об этой ошибке после обнаружения строки, которая вызывает проблему, проверьте несколько строк кода, предшествующих ошибке.

C2143 может возникать в разных ситуациях.

Это может произойти, когда за оператором, который может квалифицировать имя ( :: , -> и . ), должно следовать ключевое слово template , как показано в следующем примере:

По умолчанию В C++ предполагается, что Ty::PutFuncType это не шаблон, поэтому следующее интерпретируется как знак меньшего. Необходимо явно сообщить компилятору, что PutFuncType является шаблоном, чтобы он смог правильно проанализировать угловую скобку. Чтобы исправить эту ошибку, используйте ключевое template слово для имени зависимого типа, как показано ниже:

C2143 может возникать, если используется /clr и using директива имеет синтаксическую ошибку:

Это также может произойти при попытке скомпилировать файл исходного кода с помощью синтаксиса CLR без использования /clr:

Первый символ без пробелов, следующий за оператором if , должен быть левой скобкой. Компилятор не может перевести ничего другого:

C2143 может возникать, когда закрывающая фигурная скобка, круглые скобки или точка с запятой отсутствуют в строке, в которой обнаружена ошибка, или в одной из строк выше:

Или при наличии недопустимого тега в объявлении класса:

Или, если метка не присоединена к оператору. Если необходимо поместить метку сама по себе, например в конце составного оператора, прикрепите ее к оператору NULL:

Эта ошибка может возникать, когда выполняется неквалифицированный вызов типа в стандартной библиотеке C++:

Или отсутствует ключевое typename слово:

Или при попытке определить явное создание экземпляра:

В программе C переменные должны быть объявлены в начале функции и не могут быть объявлены после того, как функция выполнит инструкции, не являющиеся объявлениями.

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Strange syntax error C2143 in Visual only (missing ‘;’ before ‘type’)

I’m getting a strange compilation error for a C code in MSVC only. More precisely:

error C2143: syntax error : missing ‘;’ before ‘type’

C2143 is a fairly generic error, and there are myriad of questions on SO around it, but none of them seems to apply so far. The closest one can be found here, and stress the importance of declaring variables at the beginning of a block, which seems to have been respected here.

Here is a sample code:

The following code works well:

This one doesn’t:

The second code works well with GCC, so the issue seems restricted to MSVC. My understanding is that macro ALLOCATE_ONSTACK() only do variable declaration and initialization, so it seems to respect C syntax.

2 Answers 2

OK, this one is fairly convoluted.

It ends with a ; character.

Now look at your code :

It also ends with a ‘;’ character. That means that, on this particular line, you have 2 following ‘;’ characters.

Since MSVC is not C99, it requires all declarations to be done at the beginning of the block. Since you have two ‘;’ characters following each other, it acts as if the declaration area was ended. So, when you declare other variables in :

it then fails, syntax error.

GCC has no such problem since it is C99.

Either remove the ‘;’ character at the end of the macro, or within your source code. Only one is required. Not sure which solution is better.

[Edit] : As suggested in comments and other answer, removing the semicolon from the macro looks the better solution.

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error C2143 : missing ‘;’ before ‘*’

hello I have searched everywhere on the internet for an answer but i can’t find any.

How do I fix this?

3 Answers 3

The problem in this case appears to be that Sprite is not recognized as a type. After a better look, the problem you have is that you define:

in both files. You do that in the .cpp file(or Game.h file.. first code snippet) and you also do it in the Sprite.h file. The problem is that at the time that the compiler goes to Sprite.h GAME_H is already defined and therefore, thanks to the #ifndef routine it no longer compiles the Sprite.h file.

To fix it change in the Sprite.h file like so:

I’m guessing that this is from the compile of Sprite.cpp.

Sprite.cpp includes sprite.h, which includes game.h at the top. The latter include includes sprite.h again, which does nothing due to its inclusion guard or pragma once. That means, that at that point there is no known class called sprite — as in this compilation, it’s below it.

Resulting code (after preprocessing, before compiling) would look like:

In essence, you can’t fix this easily. You would need to make one of the headers not depend on the other being included first. You can do that by, every time you don’t need the contents of the class, to forward declare it instead of including it.

so if you do this and then compile sprite.cpp, the preprocessed output is going to look like

which will work. The compiler doesn’t need to know what Sprite is exactly at the time you declare a pointer to it. In fact, the only times you do need the full declaration is when:

• You use members of the class
• You inherit from the class
• You use sizeof on the class
• You instantiate a template with it

And that’s about it. There may be more but they won’t be common cases and you shouldn’t run into them that quickly. In any case, use a forward declaration first and if that really doesn’t work, then include the header.

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error C2143: syntax error : missing ‘;’ before ‘type’ [closed]

Closed 6 years ago .

Now, this code is not mine. The code belongs to the Chowdren Clickteam Compiler.

Now. I’ve been trying to fix this but the developer has been very busy. Now, I don’t know C but I know a lot on Python and since this File is not Python. I can’t fix it correctly. I’ve been getting a syntax error.

Now the compiler I’m using is so people will stop extracting my source code for my games. Now, here is the code. Any help will be GREAT.

Line 178 and 184 are the ones that are breaking.

^^^ Thoses are the ones that are breaking.

I posted the void thingy below with the two broken lines.

1 Answer 1

It looks like you are using an older version of Visual C which does not support C99. You need to use a more modern compiler, either a current/recent version of Visual C, or ideally gcc, clang, or any modern C99-compliant compiler.

Alternatively if you are for some unfortunate reason stuck with your old version of Visual C then you could fix all such variable definitions to make them C89-compliant (i.e. move them to the start of an enclosing block).

The specific problem you are seeing is that variables are declared in the middle of a code block, rather than at the start — this has been allowed since C99 (and earlier, as an extension in compilers such as gcc). Microsoft has only recently caught up (more or less) with C99.

To fix the specific function which you are having problems with:

Источник

Compiler Error C2143 when using a struct

I’m compiling a simple .c in visual c++ with Compile as C Code (/TC) and i get this compiler error

error C2143: syntax error : missing ‘;’ before ‘type’

on a line that calls for a simple struct

same goes for using the typedef of the struct.

error C2275: ‘FOO’ : illegal use of this type as an expression

5 Answers 5

I forgot that in C you have to declare all your variables before any code.

Did you accidentally omit a semicolon on a previous line? If the previous line is an #include , you might have to look elsewhere for the missing semicolon.

Edit: If the rest of your code is valid C++, then there probably isn’t enough information to determine what the problem is. Perhaps you could post your code to a pastebin so we can see the whole thing.

Ideally, in the process of making it smaller to post, it will suddenly start working and you’ll then have discovered the problem!

Because you’ve already made a typedef for the struct (because you used the ‘s1’ version), you should write:

That will work in both C and C++

How is your structure type defined? There are two ways to do it:

C2143 basically says that the compiler got a token that it thinks is illegal in the current context. One of the implications of this error is that the actual problem may exist before the line that triggers the compiler error. As Greg said I think we need to see more of your code to diagnose this problem.

I’m also not sure why you think the fact that this is valid C++ code is helpful when attempting to figure out why it doesn’t compile as C? C++ is (largely) a superset of C so there’s any number of reasons why valid C++ code might not be syntactically correct C code, not least that C++ treats structs as classes!

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Источник

Это ошибка синтаксиса. Связана она с отсутствием необходимых разделителей между элементами языка. Компилятор ожидает, что некоторые элементы языка появятся прежде или после других элементов. Если этого не происходит, то он выдаем ошибку. Будем пробовать ее получить. Пишем код:

#include "stdafx.h"
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	int x;
	int y;
	if (x<y) :	// двоеточие здесь совсем не нужно
	{
	}
}

Результат работы компилятора:

D:VСTestErrorTestError.cpp(10) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before ':'

Второй наиболее частый вариант это забыть поставить «;» после объявления класса.

#include "stdafx.h"

class CMy
{
}	// забыли ";"

class CMy2
{
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
}

Опять та же ошибка.

D:VСTestErrorTestError.cpp(12) : error C2236: unexpected 'class' 'CMy2'
D:VСTestErrorTestError.cpp(12) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '{'

Еще один вариант с лишней скобки:

#include "stdafx.h"

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
}		// это лишнее
return 0;
}

Опять та же ошибка:

D:VСTestErrorTestError.cpp(11) : warning C4508: 'main' : function should return a value; 'void' return type assumed
D:VСTestErrorTestError.cpp(12) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before 'return'

Отсутствие закрывающей скобки может привести к такой же ошибке:

#include "stdafx.h"

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	for (int x=0;x<10;x++		// не хватает ")"
	{
	}
	return 0;
}

Как видите это ошибка связанна с синтаксисом. Если она у Вас появляется внимательно просмотрите код на предмет соответствия требованиям C++ (лишние знаки, забытые