Error inconsistent indentation detected

The Razer Hydra SDK requires to lanch install.py in order to install the sdk I installed this, version 2.7, then I opened the IDLE, loaded the install.py inside the SDK, pressed F5 and I get "

The issue here is that there is a mixture of tabs and spaces in the code.

I’ve untabified the file. Try copy-pasting the following code, or check out the pastebin:

#!/usr/bin/python

import sys
import os.path
from optparse import OptionParser
from shutil import rmtree, copy, copytree
import subprocess

cmdOpts = ''
cmdArgs = ''
config = ''

menu = """
Please select your operating system:
1. Windows 32 bit
2. Windows 64 bit
3. Linux 32 bit
4. Linux 65 bit
5. OSX 32 bit
6. OSX 64 bit
"""

def isInt( s ):
   try:
      int(s)
      return True
   except ValueError:
      return False


class SDKPackager:
   def __init__( self ):
      self.versionMajor = 1
      self.versionMinor = 0
      self.versionMacro = 1

      self.currentDirectory = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
      self.platform = ""

      self.linux_32 = []
      self.linux_64 = []
      self.osx = []
      self.osx64 = []

      print "nSixense SDK Installation Script v%02d.%02d.%02d" % ( self.versionMajor, self.versionMinor, self.versionMacro )
      if( not cmdOpts.printVersionAndExit ):
         print "============================================"

   def cleanString( self, string ):
      string = string.lstrip()
      string = string.rstrip(" trn")
      return string

   def cleanList( self, lst):
      if "" in lst:
         lst.remove("")
      return lst

   def forceString( self, value ):
      if not isinstance(value, str):
         return value[0]
      else:
         return value

   def getValue( self, key ):
      returnValue = []

      file = open(cmdOpts.config)
      for line in file:
         line = self.cleanString(line)
         if len(line) == 0:
            continue

         if line[0] == '#':
            continue

         pairs = line.split("=")

         keyFile = self.cleanString(pairs[0])
         if keyFile == key:
            for element in pairs[1].split(","):
               returnValue.append(self.cleanString(element))
            return returnValue

      return returnValue

   def find_in_file(self, filename, searchstr):    # see whether a string appears in a file at all, and tell on which line
      libfd = open(filename,"r")
      contents = libfd.readlines()
      libfd.close()
      index = 0
      for fline in contents:
         if searchstr in fline:
            return True, index
         index = index + 1
      return False, index

   def append_to_file(self, filename, newstr):
      libfd = open(filename,"a")
      libfd.write(newstr)
      libfd.close()

   def parseConfig( self ):

      print "-----------------------------------------------"
      print "Parsing Config File %s" % cmdOpts.config
      print "-----------------------------------------------"

      self.parseItem()

   def parseItem( self ):
      print "Finding Items"
      file = open(cmdOpts.config)

      for line in file:
         line = self.cleanString(line)

         if len(line) == 0:
            continue

         if line[0] == '#':
            continue

         pairs = line.split("=")

         key = self.cleanString(pairs[0])
         value = []

         if key == "linux_32" and self.platform == "linux_32":
            sys.stdout.write("Found Linux 32 bit")
            sys.stdout.flush()
            for element in pairs[1].split(","):
               if len(element) > 0:
                  self.linux_32.append(self.cleanString(element))
            print "                              Done"
         if key == "linux_64" and self.platform == "linux_64":
            sys.stdout.write("Found Linux 64 bit")
            sys.stdout.flush()
            for element in pairs[1].split(","):
               if len(element) > 0:
                  self.linux_64.append(self.cleanString(element))
            print "                             Done"
         if key == "osx_32" and self.platform == "osx_32":
            sys.stdout.write("Found OSX 32 bit")
            sys.stdout.flush()
            for element in pairs[1].split(","):
               if len(element) > 0:
                  self.osx.append(self.cleanString(element))
            print "                                 Done"
         if key == "osx_64" and self.platform == "osx_64":
            sys.stdout.write("Found OSX 64 bit")
            sys.stdout.flush()
            for element in pairs[1].split(","):
               if len(element) > 0:
                  self.osx64.append(self.cleanString(element))
            print "                                 Done"

      file.close()
      print "Donen"

   def chooseTargetPlatform( self ):
      response = ""
      print menu

      response = raw_input("Enter Selection: ")

      if response == "3":
         self.platform = "linux_32"
      elif response == "4":
         self.platform = "linux_64"
      elif response == "5":
         self.platform = "osx_32"
      elif response == "6":
         self.platform = "osx_64"
      else:
         if response == "1" or response == "2":
            print "Currently Unsupported Target Operating System"
         else:
            print "Invalid Selection"
         self.chooseTargetPlatform()

   def preInstall( self ):
      return

   def install( self ):
      self.copyFilesHelper( self.linux_32, "Linux 32 bit" )
      self.copyFilesHelper( self.linux_64, "Linux 64 bit" )
      self.copyFilesHelper( self.osx, "OSX 32 bit" )
      self.copyFilesHelper( self.osx64, "OSX 64 bit" )
      return

   def copyFilesHelper( self, folderList, userText ):
      if not cmdOpts.verbose: 
         self.firstErrorAfterHeader = True
      destination = ""
      source = ""
      files = []
      if len(folderList) > 0:
         sys.stdout.write("- for %sr" % userText)   
         sys.stdout.flush()
         if cmdOpts.verbose:   
            print ""
         for element in folderList:
            destination = self.getValue(element+"_destination")
            source = self.getValue(element+"_source")
            files = self.getValue(element+"_file")
            source = self.cleanList(source)
            files = self.cleanList(files)
            for outfile in files:
               self.copyFileParser( destination, source, outfile )
         if not cmdOpts.verbose:
            sys.stdout.write("%46sr" % "Done")
            sys.stdout.write("- for %sn" % userText) 
            sys.stdout.flush()
         else:
            print "Donen"

   def copyFileParser( self, dstPath, srcPath, srcFile ):
      dst = ""
      src = ""
      if not isinstance(dstPath, str):
         dst = dstPath[0]
      else:
         dst =  dstPath  
      if not isinstance(srcPath, str):
         src = srcPath[0]
      else:
         src =  srcPath

      pathsExist = True

      if not os.path.isdir(src):
         if self.firstErrorAfterHeader:
            print ""
            self.firstErrorAfterHeader = False
         print "Source Path Does Not Exist: %s" % src
         pathsExist = False
      if not os.path.isdir(dst):
         if self.firstErrorAfterHeader:
            print ""
            self.firstErrorAfterHeader = False
         print "Destination Path Does Not Exist: %s" % dst
         pathsExist = False

      if not pathsExist:
         return

      #copy all files
      if srcFile.split('.')[0] == '*' and srcFile.split('.')[1] == '*':
         for filename in os.listdir( os.path.join(".",src) ):
            self.copyFile( dst, src, filename )
      #copy all files by extention
      elif srcFile.split('.')[0] == '*' and srcFile.split('.')[1] != '*':
         for filename in os.listdir( os.path.join(".",src) ):
            if os.path.isfile(filename):
               if filename.split('.')[1] == srcFile.split('.')[1]:
                  self.copyFile( dst, src, filename )
      #copy all files starting with <>
      elif srcFile.split('.')[0] != '*' and srcFile.split('.')[1] == '*':
         for filename in os.listdir( os.path.join(".",src) ):
            if filename.split('.')[0] == srcFile.split('.')[0]:
               self.copyFile( dst, src, filename )
      #copy individual file
      else:
         self.copyFile( dst, src, srcFile )

   def copyFile( self, dstPath, srcPath, srcFile ):
      fileExists = True

      if not os.path.isfile(os.path.join(srcPath,srcFile)):
         if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(srcPath,srcFile)):
            if cmdOpts.verbose:
               print "Copying all files from %s to %s" % (os.path.join(srcPath,srcFile), dstPath )
            copytree(srcPath,os.path.join(dstPath,srcFile))
            return
         else:
            if self.firstErrorAfterHeader:
               print ""
               self.firstErrorAfterHeader = False
            print "Source File Does Not Exist: %s" % os.path.join(srcPath,srcFile)
            fileExists = False

      if not fileExists:
         return

      if cmdOpts.verbose:
         print "Copying File %s from %s to %s" % (srcFile, srcPath, dstPath )
      copy( os.path.join(srcPath,srcFile), dstPath)

   def postInstall( self ):
      if self.platform =="linux_32" or self.platform == "linux_64":
         configFile = self.forceString(self.getValue("linux_library_config_file"))
         libPath = self.forceString(self.getValue("linux_library_path"))
         if os.path.isfile( configFile ):
            found, index = self.find_in_file(configFile,libPath)    # is lib path already there?
            if found:
               print "Library path is already registered in %s, on line %d." % (configFile,index)
            else:
               print "Library path not registered yet. Adding library path to %s..." % configFile
               self.append_to_file(configFile,"n"+libPath+"n")
            lib_update_cmd = "ldconfig"
            p = subprocess.Popen(lib_update_cmd, shell=True, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, close_fds=True)
         else:
            print "Unable to Find ld.so.conf"

   def run( self ):
      self.chooseTargetPlatform()
      self.parseConfig()
      self.preInstall()
      self.install()
      self.postInstall()

# main program starts here
if __name__ == '__main__':
   #configFile = "sdk_hierarchy_default"

   parser = OptionParser(usage="%prog [options]")

   parser.add_option('',"--version",
                     action="store_true",
                     dest="printVersionAndExit",
                     default=False,
                     help="Prints the version and exits",)

   parser.add_option('-c',"--config",
                     action="store",
                     dest="config",
                     default="install.cfg",
                     help="Config File to use",)

   parser.add_option('-v',"--verbose",
                     action="store_true",
                     dest="verbose",
                     default=False,
                     help="Print Extra Information",)

   parser.add_option('-w',"--warning",
                     action="store_true",
                     dest="warning",
                     default=False,
                     help="Print Only Warning Information",)

   (cmdOpts, cmdArgs) = parser.parse_args()

   package = SDKPackager()

   if( cmdOpts.printVersionAndExit ):
      exit()
   package.run()

Содержание

  1. Facing Issues On IT
  2. Example
  3. Output
  4. Solution
  5. Output
  6. Facing Issues On IT
  7. Example
  8. Output
  9. Solution
  10. Output
  11. Python: ошибка отступа [закрыто]
  12. 2 ответы
  13. Error inconsistent indentation detected
  14. (Python) inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation #
  15. How to Avoid ‘TabError: Inconsistent Use of Tabs and Spaces in Indentation’?
  16. TabError inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation
  17. How to fix ‘TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation’?
  18. 1. Add given below line at the beginning of code
  19. 2. Python IDLE

Facing Issues On IT

In Python, TabError is sub class of IndentationError. Python allows code style by using indentation by space or tabs. If you are using both while writing code for indentation then Python encounter “TabError : inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation”.

In Python, Indentation is important because the language doesn’t depend on syntax like curly brackets to denote where a block of code starts and finishes . Indents tell Python what lines of code are part of what code blocks.

Note: Syntax error should not be handle through exception handling it should be fixed in your code.

You can see complete Python exception hierarchy through this link : Python: Built-in Exceptions Hierarchy.

Example

Consider a below scenario where indentation is use by implementing space and tab both on line 3 (used space for indentation) while in line 4 (used tabs for indentation). When you will run the below program it will throw exception as mentioned in output.

Output

File “C:/Users/saurabh.gupta/Desktop/Python Example/Exception Test.py”, line 10
return total
^
TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation

Solution

To resolve this issue, you have done some minor change in your code for indentation by either space or tabs and run the program will work fine.

Output

Learn Python exception handling in more detain in topic Python: Exception Handling

Источник

Facing Issues On IT

In Python, TabError is sub class of IndentationError. Python allows code style by using indentation by space or tabs. If you are using both while writing code for indentation then Python encounter “TabError : inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation”.

In Python, Indentation is important because the language doesn’t depend on syntax like curly brackets to denote where a block of code starts and finishes . Indents tell Python what lines of code are part of what code blocks.

Note: Syntax error should not be handle through exception handling it should be fixed in your code.

You can see complete Python exception hierarchy through this link : Python: Built-in Exceptions Hierarchy.

Example

Consider a below scenario where indentation is use by implementing space and tab both on line 3 (used space for indentation) while in line 4 (used tabs for indentation). When you will run the below program it will throw exception as mentioned in output.

Output

File “C:/Users/saurabh.gupta/Desktop/Python Example/Exception Test.py”, line 10
return total
^
TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation

Solution

To resolve this issue, you have done some minor change in your code for indentation by either space or tabs and run the program will work fine.

Output

Learn Python exception handling in more detain in topic Python: Exception Handling

Источник

Python: ошибка отступа [закрыто]

Мой младший двоюродный брат каким-то образом раздобыл книгу по питону и пытался выучить Python. Он попросил меня о помощи. Но у меня проблемы с этим.

Он использует IDLE и сообщает об ошибке:

Он прислал мне копию своего кода, и отступ в нем правильный. Он не запускается из-за ряда синтаксических ошибок, но это не важно. Он сообщает, что использовал Format-> Untabify Region, но проблема не была устранена.

Я не могу понять, почему я могу запустить его файл python, а он не может. Кто-нибудь знает, что с этим происходит? К сожалению, в настоящее время я нахожусь в пяти часах полета на самолете, иначе я бы физически увидел, что происходит.

Его код здесь, в нем нет ошибок с отступом, когда я пытаюсь его запустить, поэтому я сомневаюсь, что он скажет вам что-нибудь полезное. Если есть проблема, то к тому времени, как я ее получил, она каким-то образом была устранена.

Вы можете использовать Teamviewer удаленно наблюдать за его рабочим столом. — Jacob

Вы хотите сказать, что если вы исправите синтаксические ошибки, он будет нормально работать на вашем компьютере, но тот же файл не будет работать на его? Может тебе стоит опубликовать код. — Gabe

@Gabe, у меня нет ошибок с отступами в полученной копии. Я не пробовал отправлять ему исправленную версию, может, попробую. Но, похоже, это не решает основную проблему загадочной ошибки отступов. — Winston Ewert

@cularis, теперь я чувствую себя глупо из-за того, что не думаю об этом. — Winston Ewert

Я знаю, что на этот вопрос невозможно ответить, иначе я бы ответил на него за него. Я надеялся, что кто-нибудь укажет на причину, о которой я не думал. — Winston Ewert

2 ответы

Скорее всего, в его файле есть скрытые невидимые символы. Использование указанной выше программы поможет ему найти их.

Создан 23 июля ’13, 19:07

хм . может быть. Но как бы он смог их вставить? — Уинстон Эверт

Я не знаю но как-то такое случается. Может быть, код был набран с помощью текстового процессора, а не редактора программирования? — Unutbu

Возможно, это проблема с окончанием строки Windows / Unix. Вы обмениваетесь кодом Python между двумя разными операционными системами? В таком случае попробуйте запустить dos2unix или unix2dos, чтобы установить окончание строк в правильный формат в системе, в которой работает IDLE.

Источник

Error inconsistent indentation detected

Reading time В· 2 min

(Python) inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation #

The Python «TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation» occurs when we mix tabs and spaces in the same code block. To solve the error, remove the spacing and only use tabs or spaces, but don’t mix the two in the same code block.

Here is an example of how the error occurs.

The first line in the code block was indented using tabs, and the second — using spaces and tabs.

The screenshot shows that the print(‘a’) line was indented using tabs (arrows), and the print(‘b’) line was indented using spaces and tabs (dots and arrows).

Make sure the lines of code in the code block at indented to the same level.

Your error message should show the exact location where the error is raised, so you can remove the whitespace and consistently indent the lines in the code block using tabs or spaces.

If you use VSCode, you can solve the error by using the «Convert indentation to spaces» or «Convert indentation to tabs» commands:

  1. press CTRL + Shift + P or ( ⌘ + Shift + P on Mac) to open the command palette.
  2. type: «convert indentation to»
  3. Select your preferred option
  4. Save the file

If you use VSCode, you can show whitespace characters by:

  1. pressing CTRL + Shift + P or ( ⌘ + Shift + P on Mac) to open the command palette.
  2. typing «open workspace settings»
  3. typing renderwhitespace
  4. setting it to all

If you render whitespace characters in your IDE, tabs should show as arrows and spaces should show as dots.

It is a matter of personal preference if you use only tabs or only spaces, but make sure not to mix the two.

Источник

How to Avoid ‘TabError: Inconsistent Use of Tabs and Spaces in Indentation’?

TabError inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation

In Python, You can indent using tabs and spaces in Python. Both of these are considered to be whitespaces when you code. So, the whitespace or the indentation of the very first line of the program must be maintained all throughout the code. This can be 4 spaces, 1 tab or space. But you must use either a tab or a space to indent your code.

But if you mix the spaces and tabs in a program, Python gets confused. It then throws an error called “TabError inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation”.

In this article, we delve into the details of this error and also look at its solution.

How to fix ‘TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation’?

Example:

Output:

When the code is executed, the “TabError inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation”. This occurs when the code has all the tabs and spaces mixed up.

To fix this, you have to ensure that the code has even indentation. Another way to fix this error is by selecting the entire code by pressing Ctrl + A. Then in the IDLE, go to the Format settings. Click on Untabify region.

Solution:

1. Add given below line at the beginning of code

2. Python IDLE

In case if you are using python IDLE, select all the code by pressing (Ctrl + A) and then go to Format >> Untabify Region

So, always check the placing of tabs and spaces in your code properly. If you are using a text editor such as Sublime Text, use the option Convert indentation to spaces to make your code free from the “TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation” error.

Источник

In Python, TabError is sub class of IndentationError. Python allows code style by using indentation by space or tabs. If you are using both while writing code for indentation then Python encounter “TabError : inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation”.

In Python, Indentation is important because the language doesn’t depend on syntax like curly brackets to denote where a block of code starts and finishes . Indents tell Python what lines of code are part of what code blocks.

  • BaseException
    • Exception
      • SyntaxError
        • IndentationError
          • TabError

Note: Syntax error should not be handle through exception handling it should be fixed in your code.

You can see complete Python exception hierarchy through this link : Python: Built-in Exceptions Hierarchy.

Example

Consider a below scenario where indentation is use by implementing space and tab both on line 3 (used space for indentation) while in line 4 (used tabs for indentation). When you will run the below program it will throw exception as mentioned in output.

numbers = [3.50, 4.90, 6.60, 3.40]
def calculate_total(purchases):
	total = sum(numbers)
        return total
total_numbers = calculate_total(numbers)
print(total_numbers)

Output

File “C:/Users/saurabh.gupta/Desktop/Python Example/Exception Test.py”, line 10
return total
^
TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation

Solution

To resolve this issue, you have done some minor change in your code for indentation by either space or tabs and run the program will work fine.

numbers = [3.50, 4.90, 6.60, 3.40]
def calculate_total(purchases):
    total = sum(numbers)
    return total
total_numbers = calculate_total(numbers)
print(total_numbers)

Output

18.4

Learn Python exception handling in more detain in topic Python: Exception Handling

Let me know your thought on it.

Happy Learning !!!

“Learn From Others Experience»

In this post , we will see How to Fix Various Indentation Errors in Python.

Spacing is important in Python since the coding is dependent of the place or line where a code block starts or ends. Hence Indentation is crucial in Python coding.

P.S. – Once you read this post , go through our earlier post for extra tips –How To Fix – Indentation Problem in Python ? 


if( aicp_can_see_ads() ) {

}

Let us see the various types of Indentation Errors in Python –

1. IndentationError: unexpected indent –


Consider the example below –

>>>    print "hello world"
IndentationError: unexpected indent

The reason for this is the “EXTRA SPACE” before the command “print”

Fix –


if( aicp_can_see_ads() ) {

}

  • Check if  spaces mixed in with your tabs. Try doing a search & replace to replace all tabs with a few spaces.
  • Remove Extra Spaces
    Better to use Spaces than Tabs.
  • For Sublime Text users –  Set Sublime Text to use tabs for indentation: View –> Indentation –> Convert Indentation to Tabs . Uncheck the Indent Using Spaces option as well in the same sub-menu above.
  • For  Notepad++ , Change Tab Settings to 4 spaces
    Go to Settings -> Preferences -> Tab Settings -> Replace by spaces

2. IndendationError: Unindent does not match any outer indentation level –


This happens when Python cannot decide whether a specific statement belongs to a specific Code-Block or Not (due to Indentation – might be copy-paste code).

For instance, in the following, is the final print supposed to be part of the if clause, or not?

Example Below –


if( aicp_can_see_ads() ) {

}

>>> if acc_name == "NYC":
...   print "New York Region !"
... print "Where do I belong ?"
IndendationError: unindent does not match any outer indentation level

Fix

  • Check if  spaces mixed in with your tabs. Try doing a search & replace to replace all tabs with a few spaces.
  • Remove Extra Spaces
  • Better to use Spaces than Tabs.
  • For Sublime Text users –  Set Sublime Text to use tabs for indentation: View –> Indentation –> Convert Indentation to Tabs . Uncheck the Indent Using Spaces option as well in the same sub-menu above.
  • For  Notepad++ , Change Tab Settings to 4 spaces
    Go to Settings -> Preferences -> Tab Settings -> Replace by spaces

3. IndentationError: expected an indented block –


Normally occurs when a code block (if/while/for statement , function block etc.) , does not have spaces.  See example below –


if( aicp_can_see_ads() ) {

}

This line of code has the same number of spaces at the start as the one before, but the last line was expected to start a block (e.g. if/while/for statement, function definition).

>>> def foo():
... print "hello world"
IndentationError: expected an indented block

Fix


if( aicp_can_see_ads() ) {

}

  • Check if  spaces mixed in with your tabs. Try doing a search & replace to replace all tabs with a few spaces.
  • Remove Extra Spaces
    Better to use Spaces than Tabs.
  • For Sublime Text users –  Set Sublime Text to use tabs for indentation: View –> Indentation –> Convert Indentation to Tabs . Uncheck the Indent Using Spaces option as well in the same sub-menu above.
  • For  Notepad++ , Change Tab Settings to 4 spaces
    Go to Settings -> Preferences -> Tab Settings -> Replace by spaces

Hope this helps .

Other Interesting Reads –

  • How To Fix – “Ssl: Certificate_Verify_Failed” Error in Python ?

  • How To Make Your Laptop or Desktop A Public Server (NGROK) ?

  • How To Setup Spark Scala SBT in Eclipse

  • How To Save & Reload a Python Machine Learning Model using Pickle ?

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}

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Мой младший двоюродный брат каким-то образом раздобыл книгу по питону и пытался выучить Python. Он попросил меня о помощи. Но у меня проблемы с этим.

Он использует IDLE и сообщает об ошибке:

               Error: Inconsistent indentation detected!

    1)      Your indentation is outright incorrect (easy to fix), OR
    2)      Your indentation mixes tabs and spaces.

                   To fix case 2, change all tabs to spaces by using Edit->Select All
                   Followed by Format->Untabify Region and specify the number of
                   Columns used by each tab.

Он прислал мне копию своего кода, и отступ в нем правильный. Он не запускается из-за ряда синтаксических ошибок, но это не важно. Он сообщает, что использовал Format-> Untabify Region, но проблема не была устранена.

Я не могу понять, почему я могу запустить его файл python, а он не может. Кто-нибудь знает, что с этим происходит? К сожалению, в настоящее время я нахожусь в пяти часах полета на самолете, иначе я бы физически увидел, что происходит.

Его код здесь, в нем нет ошибок с отступом, когда я пытаюсь его запустить, поэтому я сомневаюсь, что он скажет вам что-нибудь полезное. Если есть проблема, то к тому времени, как я ее получил, она каким-то образом была устранена.

import pygame, sys, random

skier_images = ["skier_down.png", "skier_right1.png",
                "skier_right2.png", "skier_left2.png",
                "skier_left1.png"]

class SkierClass(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self)
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image = pygame.image.load("skier_down.png")
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.center = [320, 100]
        self.angle = 0
    def turn(self, direction):
        self.angle = self.angle + direction
        if self.angle < -2: self.angle = -2
        if self.angle >  2: self.angle =  2
        center = self.rect.center
        self.image = pygame.image.load(skier_images[self.angle])
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.center = center
        speed = [self.angle, 6 - abs(self.angle) * 2]
        return speed
    def move(self, speed):
        self.rect.centerx = self.rect.centerx + speed [0]
        if self.rect.centerx < 20: self.rect.centerx =20
        if self.rect.centerx > 620: self.rect.centerx = 620

class ObstacleClass(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, image_file, location, type):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image_file = image_file
        self.image = pygame.image.load(image_file)
        self.location = location
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.center = location
        self.type = type
        self.passed = False

    def scroll(self, t_ptr):
        self.rect.centery = self.location[1] - t_ptr

def create_map(start, end):
    obstacles = pygame.sprite.Group()
    gates = pygame.sprite.Group()
    locations = []
    for i in range(10):
        row = random.randint(start, end)
        col = random.randint(0, 9)
        location = [col * 64 + 20, row * 64 + 20]
        if not (location in locations):
            locations.append(location)
            type = random.choice(["tree", "flag"])
            if type == "tree": img = "skier_flag.png"
            obstacle = ObstacleClass(img, location, type)
            obstacles.add(obstacle)
    return obstacles
def animate():
    screen.fill(255, 255, 255])
    pygame.display.update(obstacles.draw(screen))
    screen.blit(skier.image, skier.rect)
    screen.blit(score_text, [10, 10])
    pygame.display.flip()
def updateObstaclegroup(map0, map1):
    obstacles = pygame.sprite.Group()
    for ob in map0:  obstacles.add(ob)
    for ob in map1:  obstacles.add(ob)
    return obstacles

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode([640,640])
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
skier =SkierClass()
speed = [0, 6]
map_position = 0
points = 0
map0 = create_map(20, 29)
map1 = create_map(10, 19)
activeMap = 0
obstacles = updateObstacleGroup(map0, map1)
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 50)


while True:
    clock.tick(30)
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit()
        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                speed = skier.turn(-1)
            elif efvent.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                speed = skier.turn(1)
    skier.move(speed)
    map_position += speed[1]

    if map_position >=640 and activeMap == 0:
        activeMap = 1
        map0 = create)map(20, 29)
        obstacles = updateObstacleGroup (map0, map1)
    if map_position >=1280 and activeMap ==1:
        activeMap = 0
        for ob in map0:
                ob.location[1] = ob.location[1] - 1280
        map_position = map_position - 1280
        map1 = create_map(10, 19)
        obstacles = updateObstacleGroup (map0, map1)

    for obstacle in obstacles:
                obstacle.scroll(map_position)
    hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(skier, obstacles, False)
    if hit:
        if hit[0].type == "tree" and not hit[0].passed:
            points = points - 100
            skier.image = pygame.image.load("skier_crash.png")
            animate()
            pygame.time.delay(1000)
            skier.image = pygame.image.load("skier_down.png")
            speed = [0, 6]
            hit[0].passed = True
        elif hit[0].type == "flag" and not hit[0].passed:
            points += 10
            obstacles.remove (hit[0])


    score_text = font.render("Score: " +str(points), 1, (0, 0, 0))
    animate()

You can indent code using either spaces or tabs in a Python program. If you try to use a combination of both in the same block of code, you’ll encounter the “TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation” error.

In this guide, we discuss what this error means and why it is raised. We’ll walk through an example of this error so you can figure out how to solve it in your code.

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TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation

While the Python style guide does say spaces are the preferred method of indentation when coding in Python, you can use either spaces or tabs.

Indentation is important in Python because the language doesn’t depend on syntax like curly brackets to denote where a block of code starts and finishes. Indents tell Python what lines of code are part of what code blocks.

Consider the following program:

numbers = [8, 7, 9, 8, 7]

def calculate_average_age():
average = sum(numbers) / len(numbers)
print(average)

Without indentation, it is impossible to know what lines of code should be part of the calculate_average_age function and what lines of code are part of the main program.

You must stick with using either spaces or tabs. Do not mix tabs and spaces. Doing so will confuse the Python interpreter and cause the “TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation” error.

An Example Scenario

We want to build a program that calculates the total value of the purchases made at a donut store. To start, let’s define a list of purchases:

purchases = [2.50, 4.90, 5.60, 2.40]

Next, we’re going to define a function that calculates the total of the “purchases” list:

def calculate_total_purchases(purchases):
	total = sum(purchases)
    return total

Our function accepts one parameter: the list of purchases which total value we want to calculate. The function returns the total value of the list we specify as a parameter.

We use the sum() method to calculate the total of the numbers in the “purchases” list.

If you copy this code snippet into your text editor, you may notice the “return total” line of code is indented using spaces whereas the “total = sum(purchases)” line of code uses tabs for indentation. This is an important distinction.

Next, call our function and print the value it returns to the console:

total_purchases = calculate_total_purchases(purchases)
print(total_purchases)

Our code calls the calculate_total_purchases() function to calculate the total value of all the purchases made at the donut store. We then print that value to the console. Let’s run our code and see what happens:

  File "test1.py", line 5
	return total
           	^
TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation

Our code returns an error.

The Solution

We’ve used spaces and tabs to indent our code. In a Python program, you should stick to using either one of these two methods of indentation.

To fix our code, we’re going to change our function so that we only use spaces:

def calculate_total_purchases(purchases):
    total = sum(purchases)
    return total

Our code uses 4 spaces for indentation. Let’s run our program with our new indentation:

Our program successfully calculates the total value of the donut purchases.

In the IDLE editor, you can remove the indentation for a block of code by following these instructions:

  • Select the code whose indentation you want to remove
  • Click “Menu” -> “Format” -> “Untabify region”
  • Insert the type of indentation you want to use

This is a convenient way of fixing the formatting in a document, assuming you are using the IDLE editor. Many other editors, like Sublime Text, have their own methods of changing the indentation in a file.

Conclusion

The Python “TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation” error is raised when you try to indent code using both spaces and tabs.

You fix this error by sticking to either spaces or tabs in a program and replacing any tabs or spaces that do not use your preferred method of indentation. Now you have the knowledge you need to fix this error like a professional programmer!

TabError inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation

In Python, You can indent using tabs and spaces in Python. Both of these are considered to be whitespaces when you code. So, the whitespace or the indentation of the very first line of the program must be maintained all throughout the code. This can be 4 spaces, 1 tab or space. But you must use either a tab or a space to indent your code.

But if you mix the spaces and tabs in a program, Python gets confused. It then throws an error called “TabError inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation”.

In this article, we delve into the details of this error and also look at its solution.

How to fix ‘TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation’? 

Example:

a = int(input("Please enter an integer A: "))
b = int(input("Please enter an integer B: "))
if b > a:
       print("B is greater than A")
elif a == b:
       print("A and B are equal")
   else:
       print("A is greater than B")

Output:

TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation

When the code is executed, the “TabError inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation”. This occurs when the code has all the tabs and spaces mixed up.

To fix this, you have to ensure that the code has even indentation. Another way to fix this error is by selecting the entire code by pressing Ctrl + A. Then in the IDLE, go to the Format settings. Click on Untabify region.  

Solution:

1. Add given below line at the beginning of code

#!/usr/bin/python -tt

2. Python IDLE

In case if you are using python IDLE, select all the code by pressing (Ctrl + A) and then go to Format >> Untabify Region

TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation-1

So, always check the placing of tabs and spaces in your code properly. If you are using a text editor such as Sublime Text, use the option Convert indentation to spaces to make your code free from the “TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation” error.

  1. Indentation Rule in Python
  2. Causes of TabError in Python
  3. Fix TabError in Python

Fix TabError in Python

Python is one of the most widely used programming languages. Unlike other programming languages like Java and C++, etc., which uses curly braces for a code block (like a loop block or an if condition block), it uses indentation to define a block of code.

Indentation Rule in Python

According to the conventions defined, Python uses four spaces or a tab for indentation. A code block starts with a tab indentation, and the next line of code after that block is unindented.

The leading whitespaces determine the indentation level at the beginning of the line. We need to increase the indent level to group the statements for a particular code block.

Similarly, we need to lower the indent level to close the grouping.

Causes of TabError in Python

Python uses four spaces or a tab for indentation, but if we use both while writing the code, it raises TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation. In the following code, we have indented the second and third line using tab and the fourth line using spaces.

Example Code:

#Python 3.x
def check(marks):
    if(marks>60):
        print("Pass")
        print("Congratulations")
check(66)

Output:

#Python 3.x
File "<ipython-input-26-229cb908519e>", line 4
    print("Congratulations")
                            ^
TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation

Fix TabError in Python

Unfortunately, there is no easy way to fix this error automatically. We have to check each line within a code block.

In our case, we can see the tabs symbol like this ----*. Whitespaces do not have this symbol. So we can fix the code by consistently using four spaces or tabs.

In our case, we will replace the spaces with tabs to fix the TabError. Following is the correct code.

Example Code:

#Python 3.x
def check(marks):
    if(marks>60):
        print("Pass")
        print("Congratulations")
check(66)

Output:

#Python 3.x
Pass
Congratulations

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