While I am running the simple code as below I have two errors as following:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace::std;
template <class Type>
class Stack
{
public:
Stack (int max):stack(new Type[max]), top(-1), maxsize(max){}
~Stack (void) {delete []stack;}
void Push (Type &val);
void Pop (void) {if (top>=0) --top;}
Type& Top (void) {return stack[top];}
//friend ostream& operator<< (ostream&, Stack&);
private:
Type *stack;
int top;
const int maxSize;
};
template <class Type>
void Stack <Type>:: Push (Type &val)
{
if (top+1<maxsize)
stack [++top]=val;
}
Errors:
MSVCRTD.lib(crtexew.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol
_WinMain@16referenced in function___tmainCRTStartup
What Should I do?
ildjarn
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asked Jul 8, 2011 at 15:05
4
Thats a linker problem.
Try to change Properties -> Linker -> System -> SubSystem (in Visual Studio).
from Windows (/SUBSYSTEM:WINDOWS) to Console (/SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE)
This one helped me
answered Dec 16, 2011 at 10:24
BohdanBohdan
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10
As the others mentioned you can change the SubSystem to Console and the error will go away.
Or if you want to keep the Windows subsystem you can just hint at what your entry point is, because you haven’t defined ___tmainCRTStartup. You can do this by adding the following to Properties -> Linker -> Command line:
/ENTRY:»mainCRTStartup»
This way you get rid of the console window.
answered Jan 4, 2012 at 18:37
2
If you are having this problem and are using Qt — you need to link qtmain.lib or qtmaind.lib
answered Mar 4, 2015 at 22:07
3
Besides changing it to Console (/SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE) as others have said, you may need to change the entry point in Properties -> Linker -> Advanced -> Entry Point. Set it to mainCRTStartup.
It seems that Visual Studio might be searching for the WinMain function instead of main, if you don’t specify otherwise.
answered Apr 4, 2017 at 17:18
mathiasfkmathiasfk
1,21819 silver badges38 bronze badges
Include <tchar.h> which has the line:
#define _tWinMain wWinMain
Tyler
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answered Oct 13, 2013 at 14:48
ZakiZaki
1481 silver badge7 bronze badges
0
If you use Unicode Character Set, but the entry wasn’t set, you can specify /ENTRY:»wWinMainCRTStartup»
answered May 1, 2012 at 19:34
PetroniusPetronius
4034 silver badges10 bronze badges
1
If you actually want to use _tWinMain() instead of main()
make sure your project relevant configuration have
- Linker-> System -> SubSystem => Windows(/SUBSYSTEM:WINDOWS)
- C/C++ -> Preprocessor -> Preprocessor Definitions => Replace _CONSOLE with _WINDOWS
-
In the c/cpp file where _tWinMain() is defined, add:
#include <Windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
answered Mar 25, 2019 at 21:46
AlexAlex
5635 silver badges18 bronze badges
i don’t see the main function.
please make sure that it has main function.
example :
int main(int argc, TCHAR *argv[]){
}
hope that it works well. 
musefan
47.6k21 gold badges133 silver badges184 bronze badges
answered Feb 8, 2012 at 18:17
2
If your project is Dll, then the case might be that linker wants to build a console program. Open the project properties. Select the General settings. Select configuration type Dynamic Library there(.dll).
answered Jun 23, 2014 at 14:39
1
I’m not sure where to post this answer of mine but I think it’s the right place.
I came across this very error today and switching the subsystems didn’t change a thing.
Changing the 64bit lib files to 32bit (x86) did the trick for me, I hope it will help someone out there !
answered Jul 13, 2015 at 22:14
2
Your tried to turn that source file into an executable, which obviously isn’t possible, because the mandatory entry point, the main function, isn’t defined. Add a file main.cpp and define a main function. If you’re working on the commandline (which I doubt), you can add /c to only compile and not link. This will produce an object file only, which needs to be linked into either a static or shared lib or an application (in which case you’ll need an oject file with main defined).
_WinMain is Microsoft’s name for main when linking.
Also: you’re not running the code yet, you are compiling (and linking) it. C++ is not an interpreted language.
answered Jul 8, 2011 at 17:53
rubenvbrubenvb
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5
If you are using CMake, you can also get this error when you set SET(GUI_TYPE WIN32) on a console application.
answered Jul 13, 2015 at 17:24
Nicolas HolthausNicolas Holthaus
7,4924 gold badges43 silver badges95 bronze badges
The erudite suggestions mentioned above will solve the problem in 99.99% of the cases. It was my luck that they did not. In my case it turned out I was including a header file from a different Windows project. Sure enough, at the very bottom of that file I found the directive:
#pragma comment(linker, "/subsystem:Windows")
Needless to say, removing this line solved my problem.
answered Jul 31, 2019 at 5:53
Moshe RubinMoshe Rubin
1,8741 gold badge16 silver badges36 bronze badges
I have already walk through every detail described in this forum but i find this problem keep jumping out in front of me
I have installed psdk-x86.exe
added corewin_express.vsprops additional dependencies :
kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib
advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib
Include files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKinclude
Library files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKlib
// WIN_APP.disabled = true;
// WIN_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
in step 4 has been done as well.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <time.h>
void Row_Echelon_new_asm(char *data[], int m, int n, int p);
int main(){
char con = ‘Y’;
int P, size_row, size_col;
char **input;
int counter_0, counter_1;
double duration;
clock_t start,finish;
srand( time(NULL) );
while(con == ‘Y’ || con == ‘y’){
printf(«Insert p (any prime number) and the matrix’s row & column : «);
scanf(«%d %d %d», &P, &size_row, &size_col);
printf(«n»);
input = malloc(size_row * sizeof(int *));
for(counter_0 = 0 ; counter_0 < size_row ; counter_0++){
input[counter_0] = malloc(size_col * sizeof(int));
}
for(counter_0 = 0 ; counter_0 < size_row ; counter_0++){
for(counter_1 = 0 ; counter_1 < size_col ; counter_1++){
input[counter_0][counter_1] = (char)rand() % P;
}
}
start = clock();
Row_Echelon_new_asm(input , size_row , size_col , P);
finish = clock();
duration = (double)(finish — start) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
printf(«New method by asm : %f», duration);
printf(«n»);
printf(«Again? (y / n) : «);
scanf(» %c», &con);
printf(«n»);
}
return 0;
}
void Row_Echelon_new_asm(char *data[], int m, int n, int p){
char a, b, c, i, j, k = 1, l, o, temp_1, temp_2 = 0, s1, s2, t1, t2;
char *temp_n, *temp_p, *temp_t, s_temp, t_temp, flag, temp;
char *array, *stack_0, *stack_1;
char control;
int counter, con = 0, con_2 = 8;
//先做補數
stack_0 = calloc(p , sizeof(int));
stack_1 = calloc(p , sizeof(int));
array = calloc(p , sizeof(int));
array[1] = 1;
for(i = 2 , j = 0 ; i < p ; i++){
if(j >= 1){
for(k = k ; k <= j ; k++){
if(i == stack_0[k]){
t2 = stack_1[k];
k++;
goto insert;
}
}
}
a = p;
b = i;
for(s1 = 1 , t1 = 0 , s2 = 0 , t2 = 1, flag = 0 ; b > 1 ; flag++){
c = a % b;
s_temp = s1 — (a / b) * s2;
t_temp = t1 — (a / b) * t2;
a = b;
b = c;
s1 = s2;
t1 = t2;
s2 = s_temp;
t2 = t_temp;
if(flag % 2 == 0 && b == 1){
s2 = s1 -( a-1 ) * s2;
t2 = t1 — ( a-1 ) * t2;
}
}
insert:
if(t2 < 0)
array
= (p * (p — 1) + t2) % p;
else
array = t2;
stack_0[j + 1] = t2;
stack_1[j + 1] = i;
j++;
}
// reduced row echelon
for(i = 0 ; i < m && i < n ; i++){
l = 0;
start:
for(j = i ; j < m ; j++){
if(temp_2 >= n){
goto end;
}
temp_1 = data[j][temp_2];
if(temp_1 * temp_1 > l * l){
l = temp_1;
o = j;
}
}
if(l == 0){
(temp_2)++;
goto start;
}
temp_n = data
;
data = data;
data =
temp_n;
// successfully change leading number to greatest
control = temp_2;
temp_1 = array[(temp_n[temp_2] + p * (p — 1)) % p];
temp_n[temp_2] = (temp_n[temp_2] * temp_1 + p * (p — 1)) % p;
for(j = temp_2 + 1 ; j < n ; j++){
temp_n[j] = (temp_n[j] * temp_1 + p * (p — 1)) % p;
}
o = i;
for(j = 0 ; j < m ; j++){
if(j == o){
continue;
}
if(control + 8 <= n){
temp_t = calloc(m , sizeof(int));
for(counter = temp_2 ; counter < control + 8 ;
counter++){
temp_t[counter] = temp_n[counter]
* data[j][temp_2];
}
temp_p = data[j];
__asm{
// do asm part by 8
pushad
mov
esi , 0
L1:
movq
mm0 , temp_t[esi]
movq
mm1 , temp_p[esi]
psubb
mm1 , mm0
movq
temp_p[esi] , mm1
add
esi , 8
movzx
eax ,
control
add
eax ,
8
mov
control ,
al
cmp
eax ,
8
JG
end1
Loop L1
JMP end2
end1:
sub
eax , 8
mov
control ,
al
mov
eax ,
8
mov
con ,
eax
end2:
emms
popad
}
if(con == 1){
// do rest
for(counter = control ; counter
< n ; counter++){
temp = (p * (p
— 1) + temp_p[counter] — temp_t[counter]) % p;
temp_p[counter] = temp;
}
con = 0;
continue;
}
}
temp_p = data[j];
temp_1 = data[j][temp_2];
for(k = temp_2 ; k < n ; k++){
temp = (p * (p — 1) + temp_p[k] — temp_n[k] *
temp_1) % p;
temp_p[k] = temp;
}
}
end:
temp_2++;
}
}
| title | description | ms.date | f1_keywords | helpviewer_keywords | no-loc | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Linker Tools Error LNK2019 |
All about the Microsoft Visual Studio Linker error LNK2019 and how to diagnose and correct it in C and C++ code. |
09/07/2022 |
LNK2019 |
|
|
unresolved external symbol ‘symbol‘ referenced in function ‘function‘
The compiled code for function makes a reference or call to symbol, but the linker can’t find the symbol definition in any of the libraries or object files.
This error message is followed by fatal error LNK1120. To fix error LNK1120, you must fix all LNK2001 and LNK2019 errors first.
Possible causes
There are many ways to get this error. All of them involve a reference to a function or variable that the linker couldn’t resolve, or find a definition for. The compiler can identify when a symbol isn’t declared, but it can’t tell when the symbol isn’t defined. It’s because the definition may be in a different source file or library. If a symbol is referred to but never defined, the linker generates an unresolved external symbol error.
Here are some common problems that cause LNK2019:
The source file that contains the definition of the symbol isn’t compiled
In Visual Studio, make sure the source file that defines the symbol gets compiled as part of your project. Check the intermediate build output directory for a matching .obj file. If the source file isn’t compiled, right-click on the file in Solution Explorer, and then choose Properties to check the properties of the file. The Configuration Properties > General page should show an Item Type of C/C++ Compiler. On the command line, make sure the source file that contains the definition is compiled.
The object file or library that contains the definition of the symbol isn’t linked
In Visual Studio, make sure the object file or library that contains the symbol definition is linked as part of your project. On the command line, make sure the list of files to link includes the object file or library.
The declaration of the symbol isn’t spelled the same as the definition of the symbol
Verify you use the correct spelling and capitalization in both the declaration and the definition, and wherever the symbol is used or called.
A function is used but the type or number of the parameters don’t match the function definition
The function declaration must match the definition. Make sure the function call matches the declaration, and that the declaration matches the definition. Code that invokes function templates must also have matching function template declarations that include the same template parameters as the definition. For an example of a template declaration mismatch, see sample LNK2019e.cpp in the Examples section.
A function or variable is declared but not defined
LNK2019 can occur when a declaration exists in a header file, but no matching definition is implemented. For member functions or static data members, the implementation must include the class scope selector. For an example, see Missing Function Body or Variable.
The calling convention is different between the function declaration and the function definition
Some calling conventions (__cdecl, __stdcall, __fastcall, and __vectorcall) are encoded as part of the decorated name. Make sure the calling convention is the same.
A symbol is defined in a C file, but declared without using extern "C" in a C++ file
A file that’s compiled as C creates decorated names for symbols that are different from the decorated names for the same symbols declared in a C++ file, unless you use an extern "C" modifier. Make sure the declaration matches the compilation linkage for each symbol. Similarly, if you define a symbol in a C++ file that will be used by a C program, use extern "C" in the definition.
A symbol is defined as static and then later referenced outside the file
In C++, unlike C, global constants have static linkage. To get around this limitation, you can include the const initializations in a header file and include that header in your .cpp files, or you can make the variable non-constant and use a constant reference to access it.
A static member of a class isn’t defined
A static class member must have a unique definition, or it will violate the one-definition rule. A static class member that can’t be defined inline must be defined in one source file by using its fully qualified name. If it isn’t defined at all, the linker generates LNK2019.
A build dependency is only defined as a project dependency in the solution
In earlier versions of Visual Studio, this level of dependency was sufficient. However, starting with Visual Studio 2010, Visual Studio requires a project-to-project reference. If your project doesn’t have a project-to-project reference, you may receive this linker error. Add a project-to-project reference to fix it.
An entry point isn’t defined
The application code must define an appropriate entry point: main or wmain for console applications, and WinMain or wWinMain for Windows applications. For more information, see main function and command-line arguments or WinMain function. To use a custom entry point, specify the /ENTRY (Entry-Point Symbol) linker option.
You build a console application by using settings for a Windows application
If the error message is similar to unresolved external symbol WinMain referenced in function function_name, link by using /SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE instead of /SUBSYSTEM:WINDOWS. For more information about this setting, and for instructions on how to set this property in Visual Studio, see /SUBSYSTEM (Specify Subsystem).
You attempt to link 64-bit libraries to 32-bit code, or 32-bit libraries to 64-bit code
Libraries and object files linked to your code must be compiled for the same architecture as your code. Make sure the libraries your project references are compiled for the same architecture as your project. Make sure the /LIBPATH or Additional Library Directories property points to libraries built for the correct architecture.
You use different compiler options for function inlining in different source files
Using inlined functions defined in .cpp files and mixing function inlining compiler options in different source files can cause LNK2019. For more information, see Function Inlining Problems.
You use automatic variables outside their scope
Automatic (function scope) variables can only be used in the scope of that function. These variables can’t be declared extern and used in other source files. For an example, see Automatic (Function Scope) Variables.
You call intrinsic functions or pass argument types to intrinsic functions that aren’t supported on your target architecture
For example, if you use an AVX2 intrinsic, but don’t specify the /ARCH:AVX2 compiler option, the compiler assumes that the intrinsic is an external function. Instead of generating an inline instruction, the compiler generates a call to an external symbol with the same name as the intrinsic. When the linker tries to find the definition of this missing function, it generates LNK2019. Make sure you only use intrinsics and types supported by your target architecture.
You mix code that uses native wchar_t with code that doesn’t
C++ language conformance work that was done in Visual Studio 2005 made wchar_t a native type by default. If not all files have been compiled by using the same /Zc:wchar_t settings, type references may not resolve to compatible types. Make sure wchar_t types in all library and object files are compatible. Either update from a wchar_t typedef, or use consistent /Zc:wchar_t settings when you compile.
You get errors for *printf* and *scanf* functions when you link a legacy static library
A static library that was built using a version of Visual Studio before Visual Studio 2015 may cause LNK2019 errors when linked with the UCRT. The UCRT header files <stdio.h>, <conio.h>, and <wchar.h>now define many *printf* and *scanf* variations as inline functions. The inlined functions are implemented by a smaller set of common functions. Individual exports for the inlined functions aren’t available in the standard UCRT libraries, which only export the common functions. There are a couple of ways to resolve this issue. The method we recommend is to rebuild the legacy library with your current version of Visual Studio. Make sure the library code uses the standard headers for the definitions of the *printf* and *scanf* functions that caused the errors. Another option for a legacy library that you can’t rebuild is to add legacy_stdio_definitions.lib to the list of libraries you link. This library file provides symbols for the *printf* and *scanf* functions that are inlined in the UCRT headers. For more information, see the Libraries section in Overview of potential upgrade issues.
Third-party library issues and vcpkg
If you see this error when you’re trying to configure a third-party library as part of your build, consider using vcpkg. vcpkg is a C++ package manager that uses your existing Visual Studio tools to install and build the library. vcpkg supports a large and growing list of third-party libraries. It sets all the configuration properties and dependencies required for successful builds as part of your project.
Diagnosis tools
Sometimes it’s difficult to tell why the linker can’t find a particular symbol definition. Often the problem is that you haven’t included the code that contains the definition in your build. Or, build options have created different decorated names for external symbols. There are several tools and options that can help you diagnose LNK2019 errors.
-
The
/VERBOSElinker option can help you determine which files the linker references. This option can help you verify whether the file that contains the definition of the symbol is included in your build. -
The
/EXPORTSand/SYMBOLSoptions of the DUMPBIN utility can help you discover which symbols are defined in your .dll and object or library files. Make sure the exported decorated names match the decorated names the linker searches for. -
The UNDNAME utility can show you the equivalent undecorated external symbol for a decorated name.
Examples
Here are several examples of code that causes LNK2019 errors, together with information about how to fix the errors.
A symbol is declared but not defined
In this example, an external variable is declared but not defined:
// LNK2019.cpp // Compile by using: cl /EHsc /W4 LNK2019.cpp // LNK2019 expected extern char B[100]; // B isn't available to the linker int main() { B[0] = ' '; // LNK2019 }
Here’s another example where a variable and function are declared as extern but no definition is provided:
// LNK2019c.cpp // Compile by using: cl /EHsc LNK2019c.cpp // LNK2019 expected extern int i; extern void g(); void f() { i++; g(); } int main() {}
Unless i and g are defined in one of the files included in the build, the linker generates LNK2019. You can fix the errors by including the source code file that contains the definitions as part of the compilation. Alternatively, you can pass .obj files or .lib files that contain the definitions to the linker.
A static data member is declared but not defined
LNK2019 can also occur when a static data member is declared but not defined. The following sample generates LNK2019, and shows how to fix it.
// LNK2019b.cpp // Compile by using: cl /EHsc LNK2019b.cpp // LNK2019 expected struct C { static int s; }; // Uncomment the following line to fix the error. // int C::s; int main() { C c; C::s = 1; }
Declaration parameters don’t match the definition
Code that invokes function templates must have matching function template declarations. Declarations must include the same template parameters as the definition. The following sample generates LNK2019 on a user-defined operator, and shows how to fix it.
// LNK2019e.cpp // compile by using: cl /EHsc LNK2019e.cpp // LNK2019 expected #include <iostream> using namespace std; template<class T> class Test { // The operator<< declaration doesn't match the definition below: friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, Test&); // To fix, replace the line above with the following: // template<typename T> friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, Test<T>&); }; template<typename T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Test<T>& tt) { return os; } int main() { Test<int> t; cout << "Test: " << t << endl; // LNK2019 unresolved external }
Inconsistent wchar_t type definitions
This sample creates a DLL that has an export that uses WCHAR, which resolves to wchar_t.
// LNK2019g.cpp // compile with: cl /EHsc /LD LNK2019g.cpp #include "windows.h" // WCHAR resolves to wchar_t __declspec(dllexport) void func(WCHAR*) {}
The next sample uses the DLL in the previous sample, and generates LNK2019 because the types unsigned short* and WCHAR* aren’t the same.
// LNK2019h.cpp // compile by using: cl /EHsc LNK2019h LNK2019g.lib // LNK2019 expected __declspec(dllimport) void func(unsigned short*); int main() { func(0); }
To fix this error, change unsigned short to wchar_t or WCHAR, or compile LNK2019g.cpp by using /Zc:wchar_t-.
See also
For more information about possible causes and solutions for LNK2019, LNK2001, and LNK1120 errors, see the Stack Overflow question: What is an undefined reference/unresolved external symbol error and how do I fix it?.
Содержание
- Error lnk2019 unresolved external symbol winmain 16 referenced in function tmaincrtstartup
- Answered by:
- Question
- Error lnk2019 unresolved external symbol winmain 16 referenced in function tmaincrtstartup
- Лучший отвечающий
- Вопрос
- Error lnk2019 unresolved external symbol winmain 16 referenced in function tmaincrtstartup
- Question
- Error lnk2019 unresolved external symbol winmain 16 referenced in function tmaincrtstartup
- Question
- Error lnk2019 unresolved external symbol winmain 16 referenced in function tmaincrtstartup
- Answered by:
- Question
Error lnk2019 unresolved external symbol winmain 16 referenced in function tmaincrtstartup
Answered by:
Question
I have already walk through every detail described in this forum but i find this problem keep jumping out in front of me
I have installed psdk-x86.exe
added corewin_express.vsprops additional dependencies :
kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib
Executable files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKBin
Include files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKinclude
Library files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKlib
has been included in tools option
// WIN_APP.disabled = true;
// WIN_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
in step 4 has been done as well.
#include
#include
#include
#include
void Row_Echelon_new_asm(char *data[], int m, int n, int p);
int main() <
char con = ‘Y’;
int P, size_row, size_col;
char **input;
int counter_0, counter_1;
double duration;
clock_t start,finish;
while(con == ‘Y’ || con == ‘y’) <
printf(«Insert p (any prime number) and the matrix’s row & column : «);
scanf(«%d %d %d», &P, &size_row, &size_col);
printf(«n»);
input = malloc(size_row * sizeof(int *));
for(counter_0 = 0 ; counter_0 = 1) <
for(k = k ; k 1 ; flag++) <
c = a % b;
s_temp = s1 — (a / b) * s2;
t_temp = t1 — (a / b) * t2;
a = b;
b = c;
s1 = s2;
t1 = t2;
s2 = s_temp;
t2 = t_temp;
if(flag % 2 == 0 && b == 1) <
s2 = s1 -( a-1 ) * s2;
t2 = t1 — ( a-1 ) * t2;
>
>
insert:
if(t2 = n) <
goto end;
>
temp_1 = data[j][temp_2];
if(temp_1 * temp_1 > l * l) <
l = temp_1;
o = j;
>
>
if(l == 0) <
(temp_2)++;
goto start;
>
temp_n = data ;
data = data ;
data = temp_n; // successfully change leading number to greatest
control = temp_2;
temp_1 = array[(temp_n[temp_2] + p * (p — 1)) % p];
temp_n[temp_2] = (temp_n[temp_2] * temp_1 + p * (p — 1)) % p;
for(j = temp_2 + 1 ; j
Источник
Error lnk2019 unresolved external symbol winmain 16 referenced in function tmaincrtstartup
Лучший отвечающий
Вопрос
I have already walk through every detail described in this forum but i find this problem keep jumping out in front of me
I have installed psdk-x86.exe
added corewin_express.vsprops additional dependencies :
kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib
Executable files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKBin
Include files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKinclude
Library files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKlib
has been included in tools option
// WIN_APP.disabled = true;
// WIN_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
in step 4 has been done as well.
#include
#include
#include
#include
void Row_Echelon_new_asm(char *data[], int m, int n, int p);
int main() <
char con = ‘Y’;
int P, size_row, size_col;
char **input;
int counter_0, counter_1;
double duration;
clock_t start,finish;
while(con == ‘Y’ || con == ‘y’) <
printf(«Insert p (any prime number) and the matrix’s row & column : «);
scanf(«%d %d %d», &P, &size_row, &size_col);
printf(«n»);
input = malloc(size_row * sizeof(int *));
for(counter_0 = 0 ; counter_0 = 1) <
for(k = k ; k 1 ; flag++) <
c = a % b;
s_temp = s1 — (a / b) * s2;
t_temp = t1 — (a / b) * t2;
a = b;
b = c;
s1 = s2;
t1 = t2;
s2 = s_temp;
t2 = t_temp;
if(flag % 2 == 0 && b == 1) <
s2 = s1 -( a-1 ) * s2;
t2 = t1 — ( a-1 ) * t2;
>
>
insert:
if(t2 = n) <
goto end;
>
temp_1 = data[j][temp_2];
if(temp_1 * temp_1 > l * l) <
l = temp_1;
o = j;
>
>
if(l == 0) <
(temp_2)++;
goto start;
>
temp_n = data ;
data = data ;
data = temp_n; // successfully change leading number to greatest
control = temp_2;
temp_1 = array[(temp_n[temp_2] + p * (p — 1)) % p];
temp_n[temp_2] = (temp_n[temp_2] * temp_1 + p * (p — 1)) % p;
for(j = temp_2 + 1 ; j
Источник
Error lnk2019 unresolved external symbol winmain 16 referenced in function tmaincrtstartup
Question
I have already walk through every detail described in this forum but i find this problem keep jumping out in front of me
I have installed psdk-x86.exe
added corewin_express.vsprops additional dependencies :
kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib
Executable files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKBin
Include files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKinclude
Library files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKlib
has been included in tools option
// WIN_APP.disabled = true;
// WIN_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
in step 4 has been done as well.
#include
#include
#include
#include
void Row_Echelon_new_asm(char *data[], int m, int n, int p);
int main() <
char con = ‘Y’;
int P, size_row, size_col;
char **input;
int counter_0, counter_1;
double duration;
clock_t start,finish;
while(con == ‘Y’ || con == ‘y’) <
printf(«Insert p (any prime number) and the matrix’s row & column : «);
scanf(«%d %d %d», &P, &size_row, &size_col);
printf(«n»);
input = malloc(size_row * sizeof(int *));
for(counter_0 = 0 ; counter_0 = 1) <
for(k = k ; k 1 ; flag++) <
c = a % b;
s_temp = s1 — (a / b) * s2;
t_temp = t1 — (a / b) * t2;
a = b;
b = c;
s1 = s2;
t1 = t2;
s2 = s_temp;
t2 = t_temp;
if(flag % 2 == 0 && b == 1) <
s2 = s1 -( a-1 ) * s2;
t2 = t1 — ( a-1 ) * t2;
>
>
insert:
if(t2 = n) <
goto end;
>
temp_1 = data[j][temp_2];
if(temp_1 * temp_1 > l * l) <
l = temp_1;
o = j;
>
>
if(l == 0) <
(temp_2)++;
goto start;
>
temp_n = data ;
data = data ;
data = temp_n; // successfully change leading number to greatest
control = temp_2;
temp_1 = array[(temp_n[temp_2] + p * (p — 1)) % p];
temp_n[temp_2] = (temp_n[temp_2] * temp_1 + p * (p — 1)) % p;
for(j = temp_2 + 1 ; j
Источник
Error lnk2019 unresolved external symbol winmain 16 referenced in function tmaincrtstartup
Question
I have already walk through every detail described in this forum but i find this problem keep jumping out in front of me
I have installed psdk-x86.exe
added corewin_express.vsprops additional dependencies :
kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib
Executable files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKBin
Include files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKinclude
Library files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKlib
has been included in tools option
// WIN_APP.disabled = true;
// WIN_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
in step 4 has been done as well.
#include
#include
#include
#include
void Row_Echelon_new_asm(char *data[], int m, int n, int p);
int main() <
char con = ‘Y’;
int P, size_row, size_col;
char **input;
int counter_0, counter_1;
double duration;
clock_t start,finish;
while(con == ‘Y’ || con == ‘y’) <
printf(«Insert p (any prime number) and the matrix’s row & column : «);
scanf(«%d %d %d», &P, &size_row, &size_col);
printf(«n»);
input = malloc(size_row * sizeof(int *));
for(counter_0 = 0 ; counter_0 = 1) <
for(k = k ; k 1 ; flag++) <
c = a % b;
s_temp = s1 — (a / b) * s2;
t_temp = t1 — (a / b) * t2;
a = b;
b = c;
s1 = s2;
t1 = t2;
s2 = s_temp;
t2 = t_temp;
if(flag % 2 == 0 && b == 1) <
s2 = s1 -( a-1 ) * s2;
t2 = t1 — ( a-1 ) * t2;
>
>
insert:
if(t2 = n) <
goto end;
>
temp_1 = data[j][temp_2];
if(temp_1 * temp_1 > l * l) <
l = temp_1;
o = j;
>
>
if(l == 0) <
(temp_2)++;
goto start;
>
temp_n = data ;
data = data ;
data = temp_n; // successfully change leading number to greatest
control = temp_2;
temp_1 = array[(temp_n[temp_2] + p * (p — 1)) % p];
temp_n[temp_2] = (temp_n[temp_2] * temp_1 + p * (p — 1)) % p;
for(j = temp_2 + 1 ; j
Источник
Error lnk2019 unresolved external symbol winmain 16 referenced in function tmaincrtstartup
Answered by:
Question
I have already walk through every detail described in this forum but i find this problem keep jumping out in front of me
I have installed psdk-x86.exe
added corewin_express.vsprops additional dependencies :
kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib
Executable files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKBin
Include files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKinclude
Library files: C:Program FilesMicrosoft Platform SDKlib
has been included in tools option
// WIN_APP.disabled = true;
// WIN_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP.disabled = true;
// DLL_APP_LABEL.disabled = true;
in step 4 has been done as well.
#include
#include
#include
#include
void Row_Echelon_new_asm(char *data[], int m, int n, int p);
int main() <
char con = ‘Y’;
int P, size_row, size_col;
char **input;
int counter_0, counter_1;
double duration;
clock_t start,finish;
while(con == ‘Y’ || con == ‘y’) <
printf(«Insert p (any prime number) and the matrix’s row & column : «);
scanf(«%d %d %d», &P, &size_row, &size_col);
printf(«n»);
input = malloc(size_row * sizeof(int *));
for(counter_0 = 0 ; counter_0 = 1) <
for(k = k ; k 1 ; flag++) <
c = a % b;
s_temp = s1 — (a / b) * s2;
t_temp = t1 — (a / b) * t2;
a = b;
b = c;
s1 = s2;
t1 = t2;
s2 = s_temp;
t2 = t_temp;
if(flag % 2 == 0 && b == 1) <
s2 = s1 -( a-1 ) * s2;
t2 = t1 — ( a-1 ) * t2;
>
>
insert:
if(t2 = n) <
goto end;
>
temp_1 = data[j][temp_2];
if(temp_1 * temp_1 > l * l) <
l = temp_1;
o = j;
>
>
if(l == 0) <
(temp_2)++;
goto start;
>
temp_n = data ;
data = data ;
data = temp_n; // successfully change leading number to greatest
control = temp_2;
temp_1 = array[(temp_n[temp_2] + p * (p — 1)) % p];
temp_n[temp_2] = (temp_n[temp_2] * temp_1 + p * (p — 1)) % p;
for(j = temp_2 + 1 ; j
Источник
1、 Problem Description:
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _ [email protected] referenced in function ___ tmainCRTStartup
2、 The causes are as follows
1. You build a console program with VC, its entry function should be main, and you use WinMain
2. You use VC to open a. C /. Cpp file, and then directly compile this file, which uses winmian instead of main as the entry function. VC at this time the default setting is for the console program.
3： Solution:
1. Using the main function
Project-> Properties-> C/C++-> Preprocessor-> Preprocessor definitions delete_ Windows, add_ CONSOLE
Project-> Properties-> Linker-> System-> Select console (/ subsystem: console)
for subsystem
2. Using WinMain function
Project-> Properties-> C/C++-> Preprocessor-> Preprocessor definitions delete_ Console, adding_ WINDOWS
Project-> Properties-> Linker-> System-> Select windows (/ subsystem: Windows) for subsystem
(VS2010 test environment)
After the operating system loads the application program, it completes the initialization work and goes to the entry point of the program for execution. The default entry point of the program is actually set by the linker, and different linkers choose different entry functions<
in VC + +, the entry function set by the linker to the console program is maincrtstartup, which calls the main function written by yourself
the entry function for GUI program is winmaincrtstartup, which calls WinMain function written by yourself
the specific entry point is determined by the connector’s/subsystem: option parameter, which tells the operating system how to run the compiled. EXE file
you can specify four methods: “console | windows | national | POSIX”
if the value of this option parameter is “windows”, it means that the application does not need console when it runs. Please refer to MSDN library for detailed description of connector parameter options. The following four combinations can realize the mixed mode of console and windows, which can achieve the effect of not popping up DOS window, and also can output printf information to the console in Windows program
#pragma comment( linker, "/subsystem:windows /entry:WinMainCRTStartup" )
#pragma comment( linker, "/subsystem:windows /entry:mainCRTStartup" )
#pragma comment( linker, "/subsystem:console /entry:mainCRTStartup" )
#pragma comment( linker, "/subsystem:console /entry:WinMainCRTStartup" )
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
// ... ...
}
int main(void)
{
// ... ...
}Similar Posts:
- Forum
- Windows Programming
- unresolved external symbol _WinMain@16 r
unresolved external symbol _WinMain@16 referenced in function ___tmainCRTStartup
I tried Visual Studios express 2012. What does this mean?:
Error 1 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _WinMain@16 referenced in function ___tmainCRTStartup
Error 2 error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals
|
|
Last edited on
In VC++, create a new blank project and add a cpp file to it, then copy in your code. The other project templates will not work.
blank .cpp does not compile into an .exe
Please reread my post more carefully.
The error is that you created a win32 project which has WinMain entry point, create another win32 console application and it will work.
Alternatively, change linker settings to /SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE on your existing project.
If you’re tweaking the project settings manually, you should also edit the compiler’s proprocessor definitions so they uses _CONSOLE rather than _WINDOWS (for debug and release targets.)
Andy
Topic archived. No new replies allowed.
12 Years Ago
Hey all,
I’ve spent the last couple hours looking at other posts with the same error and have still yet to figure out what is wrong. I’m just learning C++, I have a bit of experience with Python but, still just getting my feet wet.
Here is the code.
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int winmain()
{
cout << "Palindrome Test" << endl;
char *charlist;
//Pointer for the array, so the user can specify the size.
int numchars;
//Variable for the number of characters in the array
numchars = 5;
//Initializing numchars
int counter,counter2;
//Two int counters, one to count up and one to count backwards
charlist = new char [numchars-1];
//Create array charlist
bool paltest;
paltest = true;
//Boolian variable, used for whether the string is a palindrome or not
int Inputstring ( );
{
cout << "How many characters are in your string?" << endl;
cin >> numchars;
//Sets user defined number of characters
cout << "Enter in the characters you would like to test:" << endl;
for ( counter = 0; counter < numchars; counter++)
{
cin>>charlist[counter];
cout << charlist[counter];
}
//Input the user's characters into string and print string to verify it is correct
cout << endl;
return 0;
}
bool PalindromeTest ( );
{
counter2 = numchars-1;
//Set counter 2 to user specified number of characters
for (counter = 0; counter < numchars/2; counter++)
{
if ( charlist[counter] == charlist[counter2] )
{
cout << "Match: " << charlist[counter] << "," << charlist [counter2] << endl;
counter2 = counter2--;
continue;
//If the characters in the nth position from start and from the end are the same, it is still a palindrome, print the characters and continue.
}
else
{
paltest = false ;
cout << "No Match: " << charlist[counter] << "," << charlist[counter2] << endl;
break;
//If the characters in the nth position from start and from the end aren't the same, stop checking for palindrome, its false.
}
system ("pause");
return paltest;
}
}
bool m = PalindromeTest ();
cout << m << endl;
//Call function Palindromeest
char PrintMessage ( m );
{
switch ( m )
{
case (true):
cout << " is a palindrome!" << endl;
case (false):
cout << " is not a palindrome!" << endl;
}
return 0;
}
system ("pause");
return 0;
}and the error messages
1>—— Build started: Project: palindrome, Configuration: Debug Win32 ——
1> palindrome.cpp
1>palindrome.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol «bool __cdecl PalindromeTest(void)» (?PalindromeTest@@YA_NXZ) referenced in function «int __cdecl winmain(void)» (?winmain@@YAHXZ)
1>MSVCRTD.lib(crtexew.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _WinMain@16 referenced in function ___tmainCRTStartup
1>c:documentspalindrome: fatal error LNK1120: 2 unresolved externals
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========
I’ve tried switching main to winmain, and also changing it from a console application to a win32 application. Neither of these helped, anything would be great, even a point to another forum that discusses the problem in more depth.
Mike
Recommended Answers
You’re either trying to declare or implement functions inside your main function, that’s not a good idea. Functions should be first declared outside of main function:
bool PalindromeTest( );and then implemented, usually after main function
bool PalindromeTest ( ) { // implementation }…
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All 3 Replies
12 Years Ago
You’re either trying to declare or implement functions inside your main function, that’s not a good idea. Functions should be first declared outside of main function:
bool PalindromeTest( );and then implemented, usually after main function
bool PalindromeTest ( )
{
// implementation
}Note: no semicolon in implementation.
Now they can be called in your main function.
12 Years Ago
That makes since I fixed that. But I am still getting a similar issue. I’m sure this is due to my formating of the functions as well.
// mikeashlecturehw2.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
char *charlist;
//Pointer for the array, so the user can specify the size.
int numchars = 5;
//Initializing numchars
int counter,counter2;
//Two int counters, one to count up and one to count backwards
bool paltest = true;
//Boolian variable, used for whether the string is a palindrome or
int Inputstring ( )
{
charlist = new char [numchars-1];
//Create array charlist
cout << "How many characters are in your string?" << endl;
cin >> numchars;
//Sets user defined number of characters
cout << "Enter in the characters you would like to test:" << endl;
for ( counter = 0; counter < numchars; counter++)
{
cin>>charlist[counter];
cout << charlist[counter];
}
//Input the user's characters into string and print string to verify it is correct
cout << endl;
return charlist, numchars;
}
bool PalindromeTest ( )
{
counter2 = numchars-1;
//Set counter 2 to user specified number of characters
for (counter = 0; counter < numchars/2; counter++)
{
if ( charlist[counter] == charlist[counter2] )
{
cout << "Match: " << charlist[counter] << "," << charlist [counter2] << endl;
counter2 = counter2--;
continue;
//If the characters in the nth position from start and from the end are the same, it is still a palindrome, print the characters and continue.
}
else
{
paltest = false ;
cout << "No Match: " << charlist[counter] << "," << charlist[counter2] << endl;
break;
//If the characters in the nth position from start and from the end aren't the same, stop checking for palindrome, its false.
}
}
return paltest;
}
int PrintMessage ( )
{ bool m = paltest;
switch ( m )
{
case (true):
cout << " is a palindrome!" << endl;
case (false):
cout << " is not a palindrome!" << endl;
}
return 0;
}
int winmain()
{
cout << "Palindrome Test" << endl;
int x = Inputstring ( );
cout << x << endl;
bool m = PalindromeTest ();
cout << m << endl;
int k = PrintMessage ();
cout << k << endl;
//Call function Palindromeest
system ("pause");
return 0;
}1>MSVCRTD.lib(crtexew.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _WinMain@16 referenced in function ___tmainCRTStartup
12 Years Ago
I figured it out, I had changed my subsystem settings when I was trouble shooting earlier. I changed them back to console from windows. Thank you very much for you quick response. Working great now : D, after I tweaked the switch statement too.
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