Flake8 e501 как исправить

I execute a linux shell command using python. I get the below error for the line mentioned- E501 line too long (99 > 79 characters) Code: ssh_client.exec_command( "sudo grep 'c...

I execute a linux shell command using python.

I get the below error for the line mentioned-

E501 line too long (99 > 79 characters)

Code:

 ssh_client.exec_command(
            "sudo grep 'cpu ' /proc/stat | awk '{usage=($2+$4)*100/($2+$4+$5)} END {print usage}'")

Im not sure how to format the line as its a Linux command.

asked Sep 7, 2015 at 3:57

user1050619's user avatar

user1050619user1050619

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1

The shell command isn’t returning an error. What’s happening is you have a type of source code analysis tool called a linter (specifically in this case, it looks like flake8 to me) that enforces compliance with Python best practices (a la PEP-8). PEP-8 specifies that lines of code should be 79 characters or less. Since that line is longer than 79 characters, the linter complains.

If in a given case you find that conforming to PEP-8 or other established community best practices makes your code less readable, you can mark a line of code # noqa to tell the linter to ignore it:

some_gnarly_line_of_code()  # noqa

minitech’s answer is the right one in this case, but it is helpful to be aware that in special cases you have the latitude to work around linter complaints that break the build!

answered Sep 7, 2015 at 4:15

chucksmash's user avatar

Consecutive string literals (separated only by whitespace) are merged into one in Python. So:

ssh_client.exec_command(
    "sudo grep 'cpu ' /proc/stat | "
    "awk '{usage=($2+$4)*100/($2+$4+$5)} END {print usage}'")

answered Sep 7, 2015 at 3:58

Ry-'s user avatar

Ry-Ry-

215k54 gold badges455 silver badges466 bronze badges

I execute a linux shell command using python.

I get the below error for the line mentioned-

E501 line too long (99 > 79 characters)

Code:

 ssh_client.exec_command(
            "sudo grep 'cpu ' /proc/stat | awk '{usage=($2+$4)*100/($2+$4+$5)} END {print usage}'")

Im not sure how to format the line as its a Linux command.

asked Sep 7, 2015 at 3:57

user1050619's user avatar

user1050619user1050619

19.4k79 gold badges227 silver badges395 bronze badges

1

The shell command isn’t returning an error. What’s happening is you have a type of source code analysis tool called a linter (specifically in this case, it looks like flake8 to me) that enforces compliance with Python best practices (a la PEP-8). PEP-8 specifies that lines of code should be 79 characters or less. Since that line is longer than 79 characters, the linter complains.

If in a given case you find that conforming to PEP-8 or other established community best practices makes your code less readable, you can mark a line of code # noqa to tell the linter to ignore it:

some_gnarly_line_of_code()  # noqa

minitech’s answer is the right one in this case, but it is helpful to be aware that in special cases you have the latitude to work around linter complaints that break the build!

answered Sep 7, 2015 at 4:15

chucksmash's user avatar

Consecutive string literals (separated only by whitespace) are merged into one in Python. So:

ssh_client.exec_command(
    "sudo grep 'cpu ' /proc/stat | "
    "awk '{usage=($2+$4)*100/($2+$4+$5)} END {print usage}'")

answered Sep 7, 2015 at 3:58

Ry-'s user avatar

Ry-Ry-

215k54 gold badges455 silver badges466 bronze badges

While trying to input my API key python is giving me a line too long code

E501: line too long

What I have is

notifications_client = NotificationsAPIClient(aaaaaaa_aaaaaaaa-11aa1a1a-aa11-111a-aaaa-11111aaa1a1a-aa11a1a1-0aa1-11a1-1111-1aa111a0a111)

For obvious reasons I have changed the API key to have only a’s 1’s and 0’s but how can I break up this line of code so I no longer get this error?

ChaosPredictor's user avatar

asked Nov 5, 2018 at 16:21

Frank Valdez's user avatar

3

E501 is a linter error, not a Python interpreter error. Your code, in theory, should work just fine. If you want to prevent this error, simply break the value up (assuming it’s a string … you don’t make that clear):

my_key = ('aaaaaaa_aaaaaaaa-11aa1a1a-aa11-111a-aaaa-'
          '11111aaa1a1a-aa11a1a1-0aa1-11a1-1111-'
          '1aa111a0a111')
notifications_client = NotificationsAPIClient(my_key)

answered Nov 5, 2018 at 16:26

Jonah Bishop's user avatar

Jonah BishopJonah Bishop

12.2k5 gold badges47 silver badges72 bronze badges

E501 is not a python error, rather than a PEP8 error. Meaning your line is longer than 80 chars (in your case it’s 137 chars long).

Your editor or runtime are verifying that your code is correct by PEP8 rules and that’s why you are getting this «error». Your Python code has actually no errors at all.

If you want your code to be PEP8 compliant I suggest:

  1. Extract the API key to a local variable.
  2. If it’s still too long you can break up the string into multiple lines

Here is an example:

API_KEY = 'aaaaaaa_aaaaaaaa-11aa1a1a-aa11-111a'  
          '-aaaa-11111aaa1a1a-aa11a1a1-0aa1-' 
          '11a1-1111-1aa111a0a111'
notifications_client = NotificationsAPIClient(API_KEY)

answered Nov 5, 2018 at 16:31

Yuval's user avatar

YuvalYuval

1,2792 gold badges12 silver badges33 bronze badges

Use to break your line. Like;
notifications_client = NotificationsAPIClient(aaaaaaa_aaaaaaaa-11aa1a1a-
aa11-111a-aaaa-11111aaa1a1a-
aa11a1a1-0aa1-11a1-1111-1aa111a0a111)

answered Nov 5, 2018 at 16:27

ChaosPredictor's user avatar

ChaosPredictorChaosPredictor

3,5701 gold badge32 silver badges44 bronze badges

Option which doesn’t involved breaking the string literal:

notifications_client = NotificationsAPIClient(
    "kkkkkkkkkkkkkeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy"
)

So long as your key is <73 (minus scope indentation) characters long. If not, you’ll have to split it.

answered Nov 5, 2018 at 16:31

Chris L. Barnes's user avatar

While trying to input my API key python is giving me a line too long code

E501: line too long

What I have is

notifications_client = NotificationsAPIClient(aaaaaaa_aaaaaaaa-11aa1a1a-aa11-111a-aaaa-11111aaa1a1a-aa11a1a1-0aa1-11a1-1111-1aa111a0a111)

For obvious reasons I have changed the API key to have only a’s 1’s and 0’s but how can I break up this line of code so I no longer get this error?

ChaosPredictor's user avatar

asked Nov 5, 2018 at 16:21

Frank Valdez's user avatar

3

E501 is a linter error, not a Python interpreter error. Your code, in theory, should work just fine. If you want to prevent this error, simply break the value up (assuming it’s a string … you don’t make that clear):

my_key = ('aaaaaaa_aaaaaaaa-11aa1a1a-aa11-111a-aaaa-'
          '11111aaa1a1a-aa11a1a1-0aa1-11a1-1111-'
          '1aa111a0a111')
notifications_client = NotificationsAPIClient(my_key)

answered Nov 5, 2018 at 16:26

Jonah Bishop's user avatar

Jonah BishopJonah Bishop

12.2k5 gold badges47 silver badges72 bronze badges

E501 is not a python error, rather than a PEP8 error. Meaning your line is longer than 80 chars (in your case it’s 137 chars long).

Your editor or runtime are verifying that your code is correct by PEP8 rules and that’s why you are getting this «error». Your Python code has actually no errors at all.

If you want your code to be PEP8 compliant I suggest:

  1. Extract the API key to a local variable.
  2. If it’s still too long you can break up the string into multiple lines

Here is an example:

API_KEY = 'aaaaaaa_aaaaaaaa-11aa1a1a-aa11-111a'  
          '-aaaa-11111aaa1a1a-aa11a1a1-0aa1-' 
          '11a1-1111-1aa111a0a111'
notifications_client = NotificationsAPIClient(API_KEY)

answered Nov 5, 2018 at 16:31

Yuval's user avatar

YuvalYuval

1,2792 gold badges12 silver badges33 bronze badges

Use to break your line. Like;
notifications_client = NotificationsAPIClient(aaaaaaa_aaaaaaaa-11aa1a1a-
aa11-111a-aaaa-11111aaa1a1a-
aa11a1a1-0aa1-11a1-1111-1aa111a0a111)

answered Nov 5, 2018 at 16:27

ChaosPredictor's user avatar

ChaosPredictorChaosPredictor

3,5701 gold badge32 silver badges44 bronze badges

Option which doesn’t involved breaking the string literal:

notifications_client = NotificationsAPIClient(
    "kkkkkkkkkkkkkeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy"
)

So long as your key is <73 (minus scope indentation) characters long. If not, you’ll have to split it.

answered Nov 5, 2018 at 16:31

Chris L. Barnes's user avatar

1. Summary

I get error E501, if my lines contains Cyrillic characters and less than 79 symbols.

2. Settings

I have a pelicanconf.py file with line:

# Для того чтобы Pelican видел плагины из этой папки

This line contains 52 characters.

My UserFlake8Lint.sublime-settings file:

{
    "debug": true,
    "import-order": true,
    "lint_on_save": false,
    "live_mode": true
}

3. Expected behavior

If I run flake8 command in terminal:

D:Kristinita.bitbucket.org>flake8 pelicanconf.py

I don’t get warnings and errors.

4. Actual behavior

I saw errors in my pelicanconf.py, example:

Flake8

My line 14 contains 52 characters, not 87.

If "debug": true, I get output:

[Flake8Lint DEBUG] run delayed lint (live_mode)
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] run flake8 lint
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] ignore file patterns: []
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] python interpreter: auto
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] interpreter is external
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] guess interpreter: 'pythonw'
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] linter file: D:Sublime Text 3 x64DataPackagesPython Flake8 Lintlint.py
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] interpreter is external
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] lint time: 0.163ms
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] lint errors found: 6
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] 'select' setting: []
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] 'ignore' setting: []
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] 'is_highlight' setting: True
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] 'is_popup' setting: True
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] prepare flake8 lint errors
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] error to show: (1, 0, 'D100: Missing docstring in public module')
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] error to show: (14, 79, 'E501 line too long (87 > 79 characters)')
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] error to show: (51, 79, 'E501 line too long (123 > 79 characters)')
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] error to show: (78, 79, 'E501 line too long (110 > 79 characters)')
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] error to show: (82, 79, 'E501 line too long (121 > 79 characters)')
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] error to show: (85, 79, 'E501 line too long (123 > 79 characters)')
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] show flake8 lint errors
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] use default colors because our color scheme was not loaded
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] highlight errors in view (regions: warning)
[Flake8Lint DEBUG] highlight errors in view (regions: error)

5. Steps to reproduce

I reproduce the problem in a version of Sublime Text without plugins and user settings.

I install Python Flake8 Lint via Package Control → I restart Sublime Text → I open pelicanconf.py file → I get actual behavior.

6. Environment

Operating system and version:
Windows 10 Enterprise LTSB 64-bit EN
Sublime Text:
Build 3126
Python:
3.6.0
flake8:
3.3.0 (mccabe: 0.6.1, pycodestyle: 2.3.1, pyflakes: 1.5.0) CPython 3.6.0 on Windows

Thanks.

Liu Yongliang

Motivation

I am working on fixing some of the issues raised by flake8 (a Python Linter) in a Python-based backend repository and thought it would be nice to discuss some of the common issues and the solutions that I gathered from the web (well, mostly StackOverflow). The use of an auto formatter such as black will help resolve some of these common issues automatically. flake8rules is an excellent resource of a complete list of issues as well.


line too long (92 > 79 characters)flake8(E501)

Line too long issues mainly happen for the following cases:

  • string
  • if-statement
  • method chaining
  • parameter list


I was going to explain with examples how to use Python’s implied line continuation inside parentheses, brackets and braces but decided not to. Nowadays I chose to leave it to my auto formatter to do the job.

For those who insist to write code without any helpful plugins or IDE support, I would like to share that practice does make perfect. I used Vim for a period of writing Java code without autocomplete or format-on-save. I ran style checks and manually fixed issues raised such as having a space between operators. After a month or two, these things became second nature and I was pretty happy with the ability to write well-formatted code without any help. I suppose that was an interesting experience so go ahead and try it yourself.


do not use bare ‘except’flake8(E722)

Example:

def create(item):
    try:
        item("creating")
    except:
        pass

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Fix:

def create(item):
    try:
        item("creating")
    except Exception:
        pass

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Explanation:

Bare except will catch exceptions you almost certainly don’t want to catch, including KeyboardInterrupt (the user hitting Ctrl+C) and Python-raised errors like SystemExit

A better fix:

  • Think about what exact exception to catch and specify that instead of just catching any exception.
  • Think about whether this exception handling is necessary and are you unintentionally using it for control flow?
  • When catching an exception, use either logging or other proper resolutions to handle the anticipated error.

‘from some_package_name_here import *’ used; unable to detect undefined names flake8(F403)

I thought this is an interesting topic for discussion. Earlier in my coding journey, I was amused by the many lines of import statements found in some scripts. Sometimes the number of import statements outweigh the number of practical code within the same file.

Nowadays I know better than to fear abstractions (I still fear BAD abstractions and rightfully so). However, with the help of powerful IDEs, importing and tracing the variable/function to their imported package is easier than before. The problem with ‘from xxx import *’ is that it is unclear what has been imported. Following this, IDEs could not decide whether some of the undefined variables come from the package that you imported or they are errors.

Example

from package_a import *
from package_b import *
# suppose both packages included a function named pretty_print
# it is unclear which method is invoked below
pretty_print("abc")

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Fix

from package_a import pretty_print
from package_b import other_function_required
pretty_print("abc")

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Conclusion

When browsing an unfamiliar code repository, we tend to have less sentimental feelings and that fresh perspective allows us to see the good, the bad, and the evil. Besides learning from the good practices, the hacky and the code standard violations (and things like commented out code) are excellent places to start reviewing concepts of coding styles and coding standards, to find out why code misbehaved.

That’s all for now.


External resources:

  • Guide to setup black on VSCode
  • Using black with flake8

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