Intellij idea как изменить цвет фона

When you first start to code, having pretty colors in your editor and terminal is not the first thing on your list of priorities. As you spend more and more time staring at code editors and terminal outputs, you’ll realize that having an IntelliJ color theme that is comfortable for your eyes can make all the difference. It’s simply much easier to get more work done without strained eyes and a splitting headache.
This post features the top five IntelliJ themes recommended by developers who spend most of their waking hours coding, and important tips for selecting the perfect theme to boost your productivity.

How to Choose the Right IntelliJ Color Theme for You

Selecting the perfect IntelliJ theme for you is not about comparing theme ratings online or going for the most maintained theme plugin package out there. Before you scroll down to our list of recommended IntelliJ themes, there are a few things to consider.

Look Yourself In The Eyes – Your Unique Needs

No two people have the same eyes. Yours might be lighter in color and thus more sensitive to light, or you might be fully (or partially) color blind. Most likely, you can get some relevant information from your optometrist, after she’s done frowning at the fact you spend so many hours in front of a computer screen. There’s also no shortage of online and offline tests for color blindness.
However, knowing the unique preferences of your eyes doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll know right off the bat what the color scheme of your development environment should be. Since your eyes are unique, some experimentation will be necessary, as well as adjustment of (or to) your coding environment.

Look Around You – Ambient Lighting, Hardware, and Multitasking

The light around you has direct impact on how your eyes react to what is in front of them. This is one of the reasons your phone automatically changes brightness to make it easier for you to see the screen taking photos at a picnic, while not being blinded by it in a dark room.
When coding in a brightly lit environment like the beach in summer (which might not be an ideal place to work as a rule) using a dark scheme would strain your eyes. On the other hand, when coding in the office (or your bedroom) in the middle of the night, a light theme will feel like it’s scratching your cornea.

It’s not only ambient lighting conditions that you should consider, but also the windows and content you see when switching between tasks on your desktop. For example, if you tend to switch between Google Docs in your browser and your IDE, the difference between the brightness of the default Google Docs view and a dark IDE theme will be torture on your eyes.
If you’re the type to care about your sleep as much as your eyes, you most likely run some kind of app or software to increase the color temperature and reduce brightness of your display according to the time of day. When trying out IntelliJ themes, be sure to test them at different times and locations (when applicable) and adjust screen or app settings accordingly.

Light vs Dark

This eternal battle between the powers of light and the powers of dark isn’t just the main storyline of the Star Wars universe, but also an ongoing argument among developers when it comes to the color schemes of their working environment.

However, since the intensity of light around your workspace might change, you should adjust. Some themes actually offer a light and dark flavor of the same scheme as to not confuse your brain with too many color changes when switching between your light and dark themes of choice at different locations or times of day.

Importing Custom Schemes to IntelliJ

With only one of our five recommended themes for IntelliJ being package with the installation file, it’s important you know how to import the theme of your choice.
Windows and Linux: File > Settings > Editor > Color Scheme
macOS: IntelliJ IDEA > Preferences > Editor > Color Scheme

Our Top 5 IntelliJ Themes

Now that you know how to choose, the only thing we can do to help is narrow the list of theme plugins for you to download and test to just five options. One of these is sure to cover all your needs.

1. Tomorrow

Tomorrow is the day everything gets done, and nothing makes you code faster than a deadline that is tomorrow. This may or may not be the origin of the name of this multi-variant package of IntelliJ color themes, that remains very popular even after its maintainer has moved onto a different theme (base16).
Tomorrow’s theme embraces warm pastel colors with sensible syntax highlighting across its five variants: Tomorrow, Tomorrow Night, Tomorrow Eighties, Tomorrow Blue and Tomorrow Night Bright.

[DOWNLOAD]

With dark, light and even blue color schemes in the same theme, you can easily switch between “modes” to adjust the contrast and brightness to your desktop environment and ambient lighting.
Another reason for the popularity of Tomorrow is its broad support of text editors and platforms. Even if one of your apps of choice doesn’t have a downloadable package, the hex values of all the colors used are listed in the repository.

2. Gruvbox

If you’re looking for a retro look with a reddish tint for those late-night coding sessions, Gruvbox is an IntelliJ theme you should absolutely check out. While minimalistic, Gruvbox comes very close to providing that perfect balance between easily distinguishable colors with sufficient contrast and eye comfort.
Available in both light and dark flavors, Gruvbox also offers three modes of contrast for both, making it particularly easy to switch between light / dark and then adjust to ambient lighting or color-correction software.

[DOWNLOAD]

3. Solarized

Another theme package with both light and dark variants that has rightfully earned its massive popularity is Solarized. With the designer behind it clearly showing a deep understanding of color theory, this is possibly the most professionally compiled theme out-there.
Solarized does an amazing job at maintaining legibility and color consistency between dark and light themes, making it a perfect choice for users working in different lighting conditions with the same machine.
In addition to the IntelliJ package, there is an abundance of plug-ins for other terminal software, code editors and other apps.

[DOWNLOAD]

4. Monokai

One of the most popular dark themes for IntelliJ is Monokai. It draws heavily from the original Monokai theme designed in 2006 by Wimer Hazenberg for the Sublime Text editor and by now adopted by most text editors.
Offering superb contrast while still being easy on the eyes with a not-quite-black background, Monokai is one of the IntelliJ themes of choice for developers and users with color-blindness.

[DOWNLOAD]

5. Darcula

For most users, Darcula is the out-of-the-box IntelliJ theme but that doesn’t mean it’s no good. This classic dark theme features cheerful pastels on a bluish dark grey background.

Non-intrusive and visually pleasing, Darcula deserves your attention if you’re looking for a dark theme that has the color balance suited for creatures of the night like vampires and developers in understaffed startups.

[More on Darcula]

Choosing a theme for your IDE is probably not as big a decision as deciding the Titanic didn’t need a test drive before its maiden voyage. But, still, it is your main work surface and you should feel comfortable and productive when you work. If I left out your favorite theme or there’s a new one out please let me know in the comments.

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In this article we are going to present how to customize the IntelliJ IDEA built-in color schemes or provide your own color theme for use in the IDE. Using a color scheme may prove to be quite useful for a developer especially in terms of code readability. For this purpose we will use the IntelliJ IDEA 14.1.2 community edition which is available for free for all end users.

1. Preface

Color scheme management in IntelliJ IDEA was modified to simplify the work of scheme designers and make schemes look equally well for different programming languages even if not designed specifically for these languages. Previously language plug-ins were using fixed default colors incompatible, for example, with dark schemes. The new implementation from version 12.1 and above allows to specify a dependency on a set of standard text attributes which are linked to a scheme but not to any specific language. Language-specific attributes still can be set by a scheme designer if needed but it’s optional. New color schemes have got a new .icls (Idea CoLor Scheme) extension to avoid confusion about compatibility problems with older platform versions: if only standard attributes are set, they will not be used by the version prior to 12.1 and this will result in different highlighting colors.

2. Color Schemes

With IntelliJ IDEA, you can maintain your preferable colors and fonts layout for syntax and error highlighting in the editor, search results, Debugger and consoles via font and color schemes. IntelliJ IDEA comes with a number of pre-defined color schemes. You can select one of them, or create your own one, and configure its settings to your taste. Note that pre-defined schemes are not editable. You have to create a copy of a scheme, and then change it as required. The 14.1.2 version which we are using comes with 2 predefined color themes / schemes:

• Darcula: dark color scheme which seems more natural for many developers. Preferable to software developers who are used to text editors and nix-based OS console look.
• Default: light color theme with white console background

2.1 Configuring general color scheme

In order to configure color and font scheme, open File->Settings, and under the Editor node, click Colors & Fonts.
Select the desired scheme from the Scheme name drop-down list. If you need to change certain settings of the selected scheme, create its copy. To do that, click Save as button, and type the new scheme name in the dialog box:

You can quickly switch between various color schemes, keyboard layouts, and look-and-feels without actually invoking the corresponding page of the Settings dialog box. To switch between schemes choose View -> Quick Switch Scheme on the main menu. In the pop-up window that opens select the desired scheme (Colors and Fonts, Code Style, etc.). In the suggestion list, click the desired option.

2.2 Color Preferences for specific IntelliJ IDEA components

Under the Colors and Fonts node, open pages to configure specific color preferences and font types for the different supported languages and IntelliJ IDEA components. The user may set his own color and font schemes for the Console, for the Debugger, for Android LogCat and for a numerous of other components used as part of the code development (e.g. Groovy, HTML, JSON, RegExp, XML etc.). As an example we are going to change the colors and fonts for the IntelliJ IDEA Java component.

Click Java node as shown in the image below:

On the above window, you can select from the dropdown menu the specific java component which you need to customize regarding the colors and fonts. Keep in mind that in order to be able to proceed with the customization, a custom scheme must be defined in the Scheme drop down menu (meaning a scheme other than the predefined ones).

After you have saved your custom Scheme you can select a Java component, e.g Class and then on the right of the window come the customized selections for the component. You have a variety of selections like foreground / background color, error stripe mark color, specific effects color (drop down menu) and bold or italics checkboxes for the component. The below image illustrates the window opened after pressing the corresponding color picker button:

A preview of your selections is available before applying the settings. The below image illustrates a custom color scheme for the Java Class component:

3. Custom color themes

Apart from the predefined color themes provided by IntelliJ IDEA, the user may create his own color theme or import one of the publicly available color themes created by other users.

3.1 Install using “Import Settings…”

• Go to File -> Import Settings… and specify the jar file with the settings of the custom theme. Click OK in the dialog that appears.

• Restart IntelliJ IDEA
• Go to Setting -> Editor > Colors & Fonts and select one of the new color themes.

3.2 Manual installation

• Copy the .icls file of the custom theme to your IntelliJ IDEA preferences color directory.
• The directory varies, depending on which JetBrains IDE you are using. For the 14.1.2 version which we are using the directory is the following: %USERPROFILE%.IdeaIC14configcolors
• In case you need to reset to the default color schemes, you can simply delete the whole configuration folder while IntelliJ IDEA is not running. Next time it restarts, everything is restored from the default settings.

4. Conclusion

As a developer, you are not obliged to stick to the default fonts and colors of the IDE. There is a significant amount of themes out there one of which may be the proper one for your taste or your color deficiency. IntelliJ also gives you the possibility to easily create a color scheme of your own. Dark or bright theme, just a matter of taste and configuration.