Как изменить значок страницы html

I've been working on a website and I'd like to add a small icon to the browser tab. How can I do this in HTML and where in the code would I need to place it (e.g. header)? I have a .png logo file ...

There are a number of different icons and even splash screens that you can set for various devices. This answer goes through how to support them all.

Here are some snippets I have used with relevant links to where I gathered the information. See my blog for more information and more information about the ASP.NET MVC Boilerplate project template with all this built in right out of the box (Including sample image files).

Add the following mark-up to your html head. The commented out sections are entirely optional. While the uncommented sections are recommended to cover all icon usages. Don’t be scared, most if it is comments to help you.

<!-- Icons & Platform Specific Settings - Favicon generator used to generate the icons below http://realfavicongenerator.net/ -->
<!-- shortcut icon - It is best to add this icon to the root of your site and only use this link element if you move it somewhere else. This file contains the following sizes 16x16, 32x32 and 48x48. -->
<!--<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico">-->
<!-- favicon-96x96.png - For Google TV. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/images/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96">
<!-- favicon-16x16.png - The classic favicon, displayed in the tabs. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/images/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16">
<!-- favicon-32x32.png - For Safari on Mac OS. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/images/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32">

<!-- Android/Chrome -->
<!-- manifest-json - The location of the browser configuration file. It contains locations of icon files, name of the application and default device screen orientation. Note that the name field is mandatory.
    https://developer.chrome.com/multidevice/android/installtohomescreen. -->
<link rel="manifest" href="/content/icons/manifest.json">
<!-- theme-color - The colour of the toolbar in Chrome M39+
    http://updates.html5rocks.com/2014/11/Support-for-theme-color-in-Chrome-39-for-Android -->
<meta name="theme-color" content="#1E1E1E">
<!-- favicon-192x192.png - For Android Chrome M36 to M38 this HTML is used. M39+ uses the manifest.json file. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/icons/favicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192">
<!-- mobile-web-app-capable - Run Android/Chrome version M31 to M38 in standalone mode, hiding the browser chrome. -->
<!-- <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> -->

<!-- Apple Icons - You can move all these icons to the root of the site and remove these link elements, if you don't mind the clutter.
    https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariHTMLRef/Introduction.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/30001261-SW1 -->
<!-- apple-mobile-web-app-title - The name of the application if pinned to the IOS start screen. -->
<!--<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="">-->
<!-- apple-mobile-web-app-capable - Hide the browsers user interface on IOS, when the app is run in 'standalone' mode. Any links to other pages that are clicked whilst your app is in standalone mode will launch the full Safari browser. -->
<!--<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">-->
<!-- apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style - default/black/black-translucent Styles the IOS status bar. Using black-translucent makes it transparent and overlays it on top of your site, so make sure you have enough margin. -->
<!--<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">-->
<!-- apple-touch-icon-57x57.png - Android Stock Browser and non-Retina iPhone and iPod Touch -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-114x114.png - iPhone (with 2× display) iOS = 6 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-72x72.png - iPad mini and the first- and second-generation iPad (1× display) on iOS = 6 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-144x144.png - iPad (with 2× display) iOS = 6 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-60x60.png - Same as apple-touch-icon-57x57.png, for non-retina iPhone with iOS7. -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-120x120.png - iPhone (with 2× and 3 display) iOS = 7 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-76x76.png - iPad mini and the first- and second-generation iPad (1× display) on iOS = 7 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-152x152.png - iPad 3+ (with 2× display) iOS = 7 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-180x180.png - iPad and iPad mini (with 2× display) iOS = 8 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png">

<!-- Apple Startup Images - These are shown when the page is loading if the site is pinned https://gist.github.com/tfausak/2222823 -->
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-1536x2008.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPad (retina, portrait) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
      href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-1536x2008.png"
      media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-1496x2048.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPad (retina, landscape) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
      href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-1496x2048.png"
      media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-768x1004.png - iOS 6 iPad (portrait) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
      href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-768x1004.png"
      media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-748x1024.png - iOS 6 iPad (landscape) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
      href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-748x1024.png"
      media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-640x1096.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPhone 5 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
      href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-640x1096.png"
      media="(device-width: 320px) and (device-height: 568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-640x920.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPhone (retina) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
      href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-640x920.png"
      media="(device-width: 320px) and (device-height: 480px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-320x460.png - iOS 6 iPhone -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
      href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-320x460.png"
      media="(device-width: 320px) and (device-height: 480px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)">

<!-- Windows 8 Icons - If you add an RSS feed, revisit this page and regenerate the browserconfig.xml file. You will then have a cool live tile!
     browserconfig.xml - Windows 8.1 - Has been added to the root of the site. This points to the tile images and tile background colour. It contains the following images:
     mstile-70x70.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
     mstile-144x144.png - For Windows 8 / IE10.
     mstile-150x150.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
     mstile-310x310.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
     mstile-310x150.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
     See http://www.buildmypinnedsite.com/en and http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/ie/dn255024%28v=vs.85%29.aspx. -->
<!-- application-name - Windows 8+ - The name of the application if pinned to the start screen. -->
<!--<meta name="application-name" content="">-->
<!-- msapplication-TileColor - Windows 8 - The tile colour which shows around your tile image (msapplication-TileImage). -->
<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#5cb95c">
<!-- msapplication-TileImage - Windows 8 - The tile image. -->
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/content/images/mstile-144x144.png">

My browserconfig.xml file. Full explanation above.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<browserconfig>
  <msapplication>
    <tile>
      <square70x70logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-70x70.png"/>
      <square150x150logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-150x150.png"/>
      <square310x310logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-310x310.png"/>
      <wide310x150logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-310x150.png"/>
      <TileColor>#5cb95c</TileColor>
    </tile>
  </msapplication>
</browserconfig>

My manifest.json file. Full explanation above.

{
    "name": "ASP.NET MVC Boilerplate (Required! Update This)",
    "icons": [
        {
            "src": "/Content/icons/android-chrome-36x36.png",
            "sizes": "36x36",
            "type": "image/png",
            "density": "0.75"
        },
        {
            "src": "/Content/icons/android-chrome-48x48.png",
            "sizes": "48x48",
            "type": "image/png",
            "density": "1.0"
        },
        {
            "src": "/Content/icons/android-chrome-72x72.png",
            "sizes": "72x72",
            "type": "image/png",
            "density": "1.5"
        },
        {
            "src": "/Content/icons/android-chrome-96x96.png",
            "sizes": "96x96",
            "type": "image/png",
            "density": "2.0"
        },
        {
            "src": "/Content/icons/android-chrome-144x144.png",
            "sizes": "144x144",
            "type": "image/png",
            "density": "3.0"
        },
        {
            "src": "/Content/icons/android-chrome-192x192.png",
            "sizes": "192x192",
            "type": "image/png",
            "density": "4.0"
        }
    ]
}

A list of the files in the project (Note that the names of these files are important if you decide to put some of them at the root of your project to avoid using the above meta tags):

favicon.ico
browserconfig.xml
Content/Images/
    android-chrome-144x144.png
    android-chrome-192x192.png
    android-chrome-36x36.png
    android-chrome-48x48.png
    android-chrome-72x72.png
    android-chrome-96x96.png
    apple-touch-icon.png
    apple-touch-icon-57x57.png
    apple-touch-icon-60x60.png
    apple-touch-icon-72x72.png
    apple-touch-icon-76x76.png
    apple-touch-icon-114x114.png
    apple-touch-icon-120x120.png
    apple-touch-icon-144x144.png
    apple-touch-icon-152x152.png
    apple-touch-icon-180x180.png
    apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png (180x180)
    favicon-16x16.png
    favicon-32x32.png
    favicon-96x96.png
    favicon-192x192.png
    manifest.json
    mstile-70x70.png
    mstile-144x144.png
    mstile-150x150.png
    mstile-310x150.png
    mstile-310x310.png
    apple-touch-startup-image-1536x2008.png
    apple-touch-startup-image-1496x2048.png
    apple-touch-startup-image-768x1004.png
    apple-touch-startup-image-748x1024.png
    apple-touch-startup-image-640x1096.png
    apple-touch-startup-image-640x920.png
    apple-touch-startup-image-320x460.png

Total Overhead

If you take out the comments that’s 3KB of extra HTML, if you don’t support splash screens that’s 1.5KB. If you are using GZIP compression on your HTML content, which everyone should be doing these days, that leaves you with about 634 Bytes of overhead per request to support all platforms or 446 Bytes without splash screens. I personally think its worth it to support IOS, Android and Windows devices but its your choice, I’m just giving the options!

Side Note About The Current Web Icon/Splash Screen/Settings Situation

This situation with vendor specific icons, splash screens and special tags to control the web browser or pinned icons is ridiculous. In a perfect world we would all use a favicon.svg file which could look good at any size and could be placed at the root of the page. Only FireFox supports this at the time of writing (See CanIUse.com).

However, icons are not the only setting these days, there are several other vendor specific settings (shown above) but a favicon.svg file would cover most use cases.

Update

Updated to include the new Android/Chrome version M39+ favicon/theming options. Interestingly, they have gone with a similar approach to Microsoft but are using a JSON file instead of XML.

Источник
  • Что такое фавикон
  • Создание
  • Добавление фавикона

Что такое фавикон

Фавикон (favicon — это сокращение от Favorite icon, в переводе с анг. означает любимый значок) — иконка, также известная как ярлык, значок веб-сайта или значок закладки. Фавикон является обычным графическим изображением (картинкой), связанным с конкретной веб-страницей или веб-сайтом. Браузеры, которые поддерживают добавление фавикона, обычно отображают его в адресной строке и во вкладках рядом с названием страницы, некоторые браузеры используют его как значок для ярлыка, сохраненного на рабочем столе. Поисковая система Яндекс, придала фавикону большое значение и отображает его вместе с результатами поиска.

favicon

Создание

Для создания фавикона можно использовать практически любой графический редактор, однако формат изображения, которое вы выбрали должен быть 16×16, 32×32 или 64×64 пикселя, с использованием 8-битного или 24-битного цвета. Изображение должно иметь расширение PNG (стандарт W3C), GIF или ICO.

При создании изображения следует обращать внимание на следующие нюансы:

  • Фавикон должен быть выполнен в том же стиле, что и сайт, так как он является своего рода визитной карточкой вашего проекта.
  • Изображение, которое вы хотите использовать в качестве фавикона, должно быть предельно простым для понимания, лучше используйте всего несколько элементов.
  • Следите за тем, что бы фавикон, максимально передавал суть вашего сайта, бизнеса, проекта.
  • Создавать картинку лучше так, что бы она вызывала у посетителей вашего сайта ассоциации. Например, иконка телефона, для салона мобильных телефонов.

В качестве примера программы, позволяющей создавать иконки, можно привести Favicon Create (скачать) – это самая простая программка. Чтобы сделать иконку понадобится всего лишь обычная картинка в формате *.jpg, или *.bmp, которую можно сделать в любом графическом редакторе, даже в том же пейнте. Загружаем картинку в программу, затем выбираем размер, глубину цвета и нажимаем кнопку старт. Все готово.

Добавление фавикона

Для добавления фавикона на веб-страницу в начало HTML-документа потребуется вписать всего одну строку с тегом <link>, в котором нужно указать атрибут rel, указывающий браузеру что мы добавляем иконку, атрибут href, содержащий адрес нашего изображения, и атрибут type, показывающий какой формат изображения мы используем:

<html>
  <head>

    <link rel="icon" href="путь_к_иконке/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon">

  </head>
  <body>
  </body>
</html>

Примечание: обратите внимание, что для каждой веб-страницы или для каждого раздела сайта можно указать свой собственный фавикон.

В таблице показаны различные варианты добавления фавикона и приведена поддержка браузеров:

Google Chrome Internet Explorer Firefox Opera Safari
<link rel=»shortcut icon»
href=»httр://mysite.ru/myicon.ico»>		 Да Да Да Да Да
<link rel=»icon» href=»httр://mysite.ru/image.ico»> Да Да (с IE 11) Да Да Да
<link rel=»icon» type=»image/vnd.microsoft.icon» href=»httр://mysite.ru/image.ico»> Да Да (с IE 9) Да Да Да
<link rel=»icon» type=»image/png» href=»httр://mysite.ru/image.png»> Да Да (с IE 11) Да Да Да
<link rel=»icon» type=»image/gif» href=»httр://mysite.ru/image.gif»> Да Да (с IE 11) Да Да Да
<link rel=»icon» type=»image/x-icon» href=»httр://mysite.ru/image.ico»> Да Да (с IE 9) Да Да Да

Не стоит недооценивать значение фавикона, особенно сегодня, когда в сети Интернет находятся миллиарды сайтов и страниц, часть из которых являются вашими конкурентами. Иконка сайта, как и логотип, способствует его запоминаемости и узнаваемости. Не следует упускать дополнительную возможность, улучшить свой ресурс.

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Introduction

Users no longer read text on a website but skim through its content. As a result, businesses need to articulate their concepts and identity visually.

Favicons allow users to identify websites at a glance. They create a consistent browsing experience and reinforce a sense of trust. A website or ecommerce store without a favicon may appear unprofessional and unreliable.

Find out how to add a favicon to your website using HTML.

Website owner considering how to improve her website with a favicon.

What is a Favicon?

A favicon is a small square image that represents a website or web page. Browsers display favicons to help users access and navigate multiple sites more easily. Favicons appear in:

  • Browser tabs
  • Bookmarks
  • The Address Bar
  • Search Results
  • Browser History menu
  • Toolbar Apps

Usual locations of favicons in a browser.

Favicons also serve as shortcut icons if a user pins web pages on the home screen of a mobile device.

To add a favicon using HTML:

  1. Create an image (or several images).
  2. Upload the image to the website’s root directory.
  3. Instruct the browser to use the image as a favicon.
  4. Verify that the favicon is displayed as intended.

Step 1: Create a Favicon

Due to its small size, a favicon needs to be simple and direct. Do not add intricate details or embellishments. When designing a favicon, consider using:

  • The company logo or its stylized version.
  • A symbol that represents the website’s business model.
  • The first letter or letters of the brand name.

The most common favicon formats include:

  • ICO — Supported by all browsers. Allows for multiple small images within the same file.
  • PNG — Superior image quality and resolution.
  • SVG — Lightweight and scalable but only supported by Firefox, Chrome, and Opera.

A favicon needs to work on different browsers and maintain image quality on various devices. To get the best possible results, you need to create a favicon in several sizes. The following image sizes are essential for achieving cross-browser compatibility:

  • 16×16 pixels
  • 32×32 pixels
  • 180×180 pixels for Android and iOS devices

Utilize a favicon generator to avoid creating images manually. These free tools automatically create favicons in the correct format and all applicable sizes.

Step 2: Upload Favicon

Use an FTP Client or cPanel to upload the favicon ICO or PNG files to the website’s root directory.

It is recommended but not mandatory to place favicon files in the root directory. If the images are in a different directory, you can use the HTML <link> tag to specify the image file location

Place the favicon files in the website's root directory.

Most browsers, bots, and automated scripts still check the favicon.ico file in the website’s root by default.

Step 3: Add Link to HTML

To explicitly point browsers to the location of the favicon files, place <link> tags within the HTML <head> tag.

Favicon links in the HTML head tag.

The <link> tag and its attributes tell browsers and devices which image to use and where to find it. In this example the PNG images are in the root directory:

<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32x32.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png">

Edit the attribute values to reflect the values on your system:

  • rel — This attribute defines the link type. The most common value for favicons is icon. Some browsers and devices use non-standard values. Apple iOS, for example, uses the apple-touch-icon value.
  • type — Specifies the image type, for example, image/png or image/jpeg.
  • sizes — Defines the size or sizes of the icon.
  • href — Enter the absolute path to the image file.

The HTML can contain multiple <link> tags. The type and sizes attributes allow browsers to select the appropriate icon.

Step 4: Test on Multiple Browsers

Use a browser to access the website and verify that the favicon displays properly. Check the tab image, bookmark the page, access the browsing history, etc.

Test the favicon in several browsers, change backgrounds, view modes, and devices to see if the quality or visibility of the favicon is affected.

Best Favicon Generators

Favicon generators help users design and create favicons. These web-based tools convert image templates into the correct format, provide multiple image sizes, and generate device-specific favicons.

Some of the most popular and free favicon generators include:

1. RealFaviconGenerator

The RealFaviconGenerator allows users to upload an image and tweak the favicon for different browsers and devices.

The on-screen previews provide valuable insights and tips on making your favicon as effective as possible on various platforms.

RealFaviconGenerator options when creating a favicon.

RealFaviconGenerator also has a Favicon Checker feature. By entering the website’s URL, you receive a detailed analysis of the favicon’s quality on various platforms. Use this feature to save time when troubleshooting or testing favicons.

2. Favicon.io

The favicon.io generator allows you to upload a PNG or generate a favicon from custom text. The system converts the templates into the proper format and provides all the necessary files and HTML links.

The interface is user-friendly, with clear on-screen instructions. Most actions are completed by dragging and dropping files.

Favicon.io favicon conversion options.

Favicon.io also provides the option to create favicons from emojis.

3. Genfavicon

Genfavicon is a straightforward tool that allows you to cut and crop an image and see a preview on the page before downloading.

Create a favicon with the Genfavicon interface.

The options regarding sizes and format are limited, but this tool is useful for quickly preparing and editing an image before conversion.

4. Faviconr

The Faviconr generator is a lightweight solution that converts images into a favicon.ico file.

Create a favicon file using Faviconr.

Websites that do not need optimized images for every possible platform can use Faviconr and set up a basic favicon in a matter of minutes

5. X-Icon Editor

The X-Icon Editor is ideal for users that want to create a high-resolution favicon from scratch.

Creating a favicon with the XIcon Editor.

This tool also enables users to upload images, crop them to predefined sizes, and preview the favicon before downloading the file.

Conclusion

You have created and added a favicon to your website using HTML. The favicon is optimized for multiple browsers and platforms.

If you have an ecommerce store, adding a favicon shows that your website values its users and actively works to improve their experience.

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