Watchpack error watcher error enospc system limit for number of file watchers reached

In this post, we will see – How To Fix – “ENOSPC: System Limit for Number of File Watchers Reached”. This error can occur while developing applications in React Native, Node.js, AngularJS etc.

Error: ENOSPC: System limit for number of file watchers reached, watch -------

tail: cannot watch '/var/log/messages': No space left on device"

First thing first – ENOSPC -> Denotes that means that there is not sufficient space on the drive (or Temp folder also) to save files or for watchman to watch for all file changes that are happening. This error mostly happens in the Developer Workspaces when watching files (through grunt / gulp).

Try the below fixes and see how it goes.

Do the Primitive checks first.

Primitive Checks :

• Check what is the max no of user_watches being set currently

cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches

• Check what is the max no. of inotify instances which correspond to the no. of allowed Watch Services instances.

$ cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances

• If you want to be more exclusive and check who is using up the inotify watches, use below. The first column will show the no. of inotify fds (NOT the number of watches) and the second no. shows the PID of that process.

find /proc/*/fd -lname anon_inode:inotify |
cut -d/ -f3 |
xargs -I '{}' -- ps --no-headers -o '%p %U %c' -p '{}' |
uniq -c |
sort -nr

• Try the npm cache clearance

  npm cache clear 
  npm cache verify

Once the above checks are completed , you can use the below fixes to apply.

Solution :

One option is to change or increase the existing Native Watch Limit i.e. how many files a process can watch. Note that npm or a process controlled by npm keeps watching so many files.

We can take help of the Linux inotify package which is used to monitor directories, individual files or filesystem events.

We can update the max_user_watches to fix it.

The max value is 524288 and if used max, that means you will be using approx 256MB/512MB of 32-bit/64-bit kernel memory.

Each inotify watch uses 540 bytes of kernel memory on 32-bit architectures, and 1080 bytes on 64-bit architectures and Kernel memory is unswappable. Hence there is obviously a memory cost.

• Put the new max_user_watches value in the config <NEW_COUNT>. The “sysctl -w” will write this kernel parameter values to the corresponding keys under /proc/sys. This option will retain this value till next Reboot. Hence after making the changes, Test if the error is gone or not.

sudo sysctl -w fs.inotify.max_user_watches=<NEW_COUNT>

• If error is gone, then you can make this <NEW_COUNT> value permanent by adding to /etc/sysctl.conf (or a file under /etc/sysctl.d usually /etc/sysctl.d/local.conf). This means add “fs.inotify.max_user_watches=<NEW_COUNT>”.
  • Debian/RedHat system – Add to /etc/sysctl.conf file.
  • Arch Linux – Add a new file into /etc/sysctl.d/ e.g. /etc/sysctl.d/40-max-user-watches.conf

$ sudo echo "fs.inotify.max_user_watches=524288" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

• Reload systemd settings to activate the new settings. To reload systemd settings, either reboot the machine or run the following command:

$ sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf

You can also try the additional things if the issue is not resolved till this point.

Additional 1 :

Additionally, you can also modify the below settings –

• Increase the max. no. of inotify instances. This corresponds to the no. of allowed Watch Services instances.
  • Retrieve the current value.

    $ cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances

  • Generally the default value is 128. This means only 128 watches can be created. To increase the no. permanently, add the configuration to /etc/sysctl.conf:

       $ sudo echo "fs.inotify.max_user_instances=1024" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

• Reload systemd settings to activate the new settings.

  $ sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf

Additional 2:

• Increase the open file limit.
  • Retrieve the current value

$ cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max

• To permanently increase the open file limit , add the configuration to /etc/sysctl.conf:

$ sudo echo "fs.file-max=2097152" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

• Reload systemd settings to activate the new settings.

$ sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf

Hope this post helps to solve the error.

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Describe the bug

npm start ends with a cryptic error due to exceeding the amount of files the system can watch:

Starting the development server...

events.js:170
      throw er; // Unhandled 'error' event
      ^

Error: ENOSPC: System limit for number of file watchers reached, watch '/home/u/work/some-repo/public'
    at FSWatcher.start (internal/fs/watchers.js:165:26)
    at Object.watch (fs.js:1274:11)
    at createFsWatchInstance (/home/u/work/some-repo/node_modules/chokidar/lib/nodefs-handler.js:37:15)
    at setFsWatchListener (/home/u/work/some-repo/node_modules/chokidar/lib/nodefs-handler.js:80:15)
    at FSWatcher.NodeFsHandler._watchWithNodeFs (/home/u/work/some-repo/node_modules/chokidar/lib/nodefs-handler.js:232:14)
    at FSWatcher.NodeFsHandler._handleDir (/home/u/work/some-repo/node_modules/chokidar/lib/nodefs-handler.js:422:19)
    at FSWatcher.<anonymous> (/home/u/work/some-repo/node_modules/chokidar/lib/nodefs-handler.js:470:19)
    at FSWatcher.<anonymous> (/home/u/work/some-repo/node_modules/chokidar/lib/nodefs-handler.js:475:16)
    at FSReqCallback.oncomplete (fs.js:159:5)
Emitted 'error' event at:
    at FSWatcher._handleError (/home/u/work/some-repo/node_modules/chokidar/index.js:260:10)
    at createFsWatchInstance (/home/u/work/some-repo/node_modules/chokidar/lib/nodefs-handler.js:39:5)
    at setFsWatchListener (/home/u/work/some-repo/node_modules/chokidar/lib/nodefs-handler.js:80:15)
    [... lines matching original stack trace ...]
    at FSReqCallback.oncomplete (fs.js:159:5)
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno 1
npm ERR! some-repo@0.1.0 start: `react-scripts start`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Failed at the some-repo@0.1.0 start script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /home/u/.npm/_logs/2019-08-30T09_50_59_595Z-debug.log

Did you try recovering your dependencies?

Yes

Which terms did you search for in User Guide?

exclude blacklist folders directories watch watched

Environment

  System:
    OS: Linux 5.1 Manjaro Linux undefined
    CPU: (16) x64 AMD Ryzen 7 2700X Eight-Core Processor
  Binaries:
    Node: 11.15.0 - /usr/bin/node
    Yarn: Not Found
    npm: 6.10.3 - /usr/bin/npm
  Browsers:
    Chrome: Not Found
    Firefox: 68.0.1
  npmPackages:
    react: ^16.8.1 => 16.8.1 
    react-dom: ^16.8.1 => 16.8.1 
    react-scripts: 2.1.3 => 2.1.3 
  npmGlobalPackages:
    create-react-app: Not Found

Steps to reproduce

1. Create a new app with create-react-app
2. Add dependencies so that the total amount of files in the project (including node_modules) is larger than the file watch limit (cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches)

My project doesn’t even have many dependencies. Mostly added with npm i apollo-boost graphql react-apollo -S. And it already created three times as many files as the maximum currently allowed by the system to watch. I would expect this problem to be quite common on some systems.

Expected behavior

I am aware of the solutions provided in #2549 and #6068.

Asking users to increase the limit only pushes the problem further without resolving it. And in my opinion is a workaround for a bad design. It also provides a less than ideal user experience and unnecessarily raises the bar for newbie developers.

The npm start script should either:

1. Not watch all files in the project by default, only project files.

The script can then ask the user to restart the app after updating dependencies and show info to how to enable watching node_modules if they want to recompile automatically after updating dependencies. From my experience it’s better to restart the application after dependencies have been updated rather than rely on watch due to problems with watching and compiling source files in linked npm modules (if used of course).

1. Watch all files but detect when the amount is beyond system limits.

The script can show a warning to the user telling them there is a problem and how to resolve it, then fall back to not watching node_modules until it’s resolved. Detecting how many files is in the project is quite quick:

# time find . | wc -l
45601

real    0m0.082s
user    0m0.021s
sys     0m0.064s

1. Watch all files but there should be another script similar to start that skips watching node_modules.

Providing such a script, say quick-start, could also serve as a quick example how to exclude certain folders from the watcher should the user opt to do that.

In any case the scripts documentation and/or troubleshooting and/or Advanced Configuration guide should mention that the start script will attempt to automatically watch all files in the project, including node_modules. Then it should be documented how to enable or disable (depending on what’s the default behaviour) watching specific folders, including how to enable or disable watching node_modules.

Actual behavior

Application doesn’t start. Only a cryptic error is shown to the user. For less advanced users it’s not possible to figure out what the problem might be without searching the internet and learning all the theory about inotify, kqueue (FreeBSD or Mac) and system limits. They may try various snippets of code available on Stack Overflow or other resources to increase the system limit, which may or may not work due to differences between systems.

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